The Low Redshift Lyman Alpha Forest in Cold Dark Matter Cosmologies

Abstract

We study the physical origin of the low-redshift Lyman alpha forest in hydrodynamic simulations of four CDM cosmologies. Our main conclusions are insensitive to the cosmological model but depend on our assumption that the UV background declines at low redshift. We find that the expansion of the universe drives rapid evolution of dN/dz (the number of absorbers per unit z) at z > 1.7, but that at lower redshift the fading of the UV background counters the influence of expansion, leading to slow evolution. At every redshift, weaker lines come primarily from moderate fluctuations of the diffuse, unshocked IGM, and stronger lines originate in shocked or radiatively cooled gas of higher overdensity. However, the neutral hydrogen column density associated with structures of fixed overdensity drops as the universe expands, so an absorber at z = 0 is dynamically analogous to an absorber with neutral hydrogen column density 10 to 50 times higher at z = 2-3. We find no clear distinction between lines arising in "galaxy halos" and lines arising in larger scale structures; however, galaxies tend to lie near the dense regions of the IGM that produce strong Lyman alpha lines. The simulations provide a unified physical picture that accounts for the most distinctive observed properties of the low redshift Lyman alpha forest: (1) a sharp transition in the evolution of dN/dz at z ~ 1.7, (2) stronger evolution for absorbers of higher equivalent width, (3) a correlation of increasing Lyman alpha equivalent width with decreasing galaxy impact parameter, and (4) a tendency for stronger lines to arise in close proximity to galaxies while weaker lines trace more diffuse large scale structure. (Abridged)

57 pages, 18 figures, submitted to ApJ

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• AGN Outflows in a Cosmological Context
• The Search for Intergalactic Hydrogen Clouds in Voids
• A Uniform Analysis of the Ly-alpha forest at z = 0 - 5: I. The sample and distribution of clouds at z > 1.7
• The Spread of Metals into the Low-Redshift Intergalactic Medium
• Detecting X-ray filaments in the low redshift Universe with XEUS and Constellation-X
• Spectroscopic Analysis of H I Absorption Line Systems in 40 HIRES Quasars
• Simulating the effects of intergalactic grey dust
• The Ultraviolet Detection of Diffuse Gas in Galaxy Groups
• Mapping Lyman-alpha forest three-dimensional large scale structure in real and redshift space
• The COS-legacy survey of C IV absorbers: properties and origins of the intervening systems
• Threshold Clustering Functions and Thermal Inhomogeneities in the Lyman-Alpha Forest
• Searching for the Intra-Group Medium in Loose Groups of Galaxies
• The Low-Redshift Lyman Alpha Forest toward 3C 273
• Lyman alpha Absorption Systems and the Intergalactic Medium
• H I gas in higher density regions of the intergalactic medium
• Searching for HI imprints in cosmic web filaments with 21-cm intensity mapping
• Simulated evolution of the dark matter large-scale structure
• Observational estimates of the initial power spectrum at small scale from Lyman-$\alpha$ absorbers
• On the relation between Lya absorbers and local galaxy filaments
• Comparing Simulations and Observations of the Lyman-Alpha Forest I. Methodology
• Prospects for Observing the low-density Cosmic Web in Lyman-alpha Emission
• The Lyman-alpha forest at redshifts 0.1 -- 1.6: good agreement between a large hydrodynamic simulation and HST spectra
• Joint Bayesian Estimation of Quasar Continua and the Lyman-Alpha Forest Flux Probability Distribution Function
• Thermal Evaporation of Gas from X-ray Clusters
• The redshift evolution of bias and baryonic matter distribution
• The Physical Nature of Circumgalactic Medium Absorbers in Simba
• The Absorbers Toward CSO 118: Superclustering at {z~3}, or an Intrinsic Absorption Complex?
• A Multiwavelength Study on the Fate of Ionizing Radiation in Local Starbursts
• The WSRT Virgo Hi filament survey II; Cross Correlation Data
• The HeII Lyman alpha forest and the thermal state of the IGM
• The contribution of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect from the Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium to the Five-Year WMAP Data
• Exploring the thermal energy contents of the intergalactic medium with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Lyman-Alpha Absorption in the Quasar Triplet Q0107-025A, Q0107-025B, and Q0107-0232: Data Calibration and Line Selection
• Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Lyman Alpha Forest
• Discovery of a multiphase OVI and OVII absorber in the circumgalactic/intergalactic transition region
• Balancing the Baryon Budget: The fraction of the IGM due to Galaxy Mergers
• Measuring the equation of state of the high-z intergalactic medium using curvature statistics
• Gas Accretion via Lyman Limit Systems
• The relation between Lyman-alpha absorbers and gas--rich galaxies in the local universe
• Galaxy Selection and Clustering and Lyman alpha Absorber Identification
• The spatial distribution of galaxies within the CMB cold spot in the Corona Borealis supercluster
• Evidence of bimodal physical properties of intervening, optically-thin CIII absorbers at z ~ 2.5
• Modeling the Void H I Column Density Spectrum
• The Baryon Cycle at High Redshifts: Effects of Galactic Winds on Galaxy Evolution in Overdense and Average Regions
• Statistical characteristics of observed Ly-$\alpha$ forest and the shape of initial power spectrum
• Statistical characteristics of observed Ly-$\alpha$ forest and the shape of linear power spectrum
• The Relationship Between Baryons and Dark Matter in Extended Galaxy Halos
• Lyman Alpha Flux Power Spectrum and Its Covariance
• Building galaxies, stars, planets and the ingredients for life between the stars. A scientific proposal for a European Ultraviolet-Visible Observatory (EUVO)
• Lyman-alpha forest-CMB cross-correlation and the search for the ionized baryons at high redshift
• The z = 0.0777 C III Absorber Towards PHL 1811 as a Case Study of a Low Redshift Weak Metal Line Absorber
• Triple-ionised carbon associated with the low-density neutral hydrogen gas at 1.7 < z < 3.3: the integrated N(HI)-N(CIV) relation
• Cosmological radiative transfer for the line-of-sight proximity effect
• Bringing Simulation and Observation Together to Better Understand the Intergalactic Medium
• The Infuence of Omega_baryon on High-Redshift Structure
• The contribution of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium to the CMB anisotropies via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
• The Nature and Origin of the Non-Void Lyman alpha Cloud Population
• Low Redshift QSO Lyman alpha Absorption Line Systems Associated with Galaxies
• Diffuse neutral hydrogen in the HI Parkes All Sky Survey
• X-ray Emission of Baryonic Gas in the Universe: Luminosity-Temperature Relationship and Soft-Band Background
• X-ray Absorption Lines in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium: Probing Chandra observations with the CAMEL simulations
• Three- and two-point spatial correlations of IGM at $z\sim 2$: Cloud based analysis using simulations
• Lensing and the Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium
• Cross-Correlation between Damped Ly-alpha Systems and Ly-break Galaxies in Cosmological SPH Simulations
• Thinking outside the halo: Tracing the large-scale distribution of diffuse cosmic metals with semi-analytic models
• PC1643+4631A,B: The Lyman-Alpha Forest at the Edge of Coherence
• Evolving beyond z=0: insights about the future of stars and the intergalactic medium
• Role of ionizing background on the non-thermal broadening inferred for the aligned absorbers
• The End of the Rainbow: What Can We Say About the Extragalactic Sub-Megahertz Radio Sky?
• The Multiphase Intracluster Medium in Galaxy Groups Probed by the Lyman Alpha Forest
• The signature of the Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium in WMAP and the forthcoming PLANCK data
• Measurement of redshift-space two- and three-point correlation of Ly$\alpha$ absorbers at $1.7<z<3.5$: Implications on evolution of the physical properties of IGM
• Redshift distribution of {\bf Ly-$\alpha$} lines and metal systems
• The Flux Auto- and Cross-Correlation of the Lyman-alpha Forest. II. Modelling Anisotropies with Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• Probing Sub-parsec Structure in the Lyman Alpha Forest with Gravitational Microlensing
• Beyond the Halo: Redefining environment with unbound matter in N-body simulations
• Galaxies as Fluctuations in the Ionizing Background Radiation at Low Redshift
• Using dust to constrain dark matter models
• The WSRT virgo filament survey
• Properties of observed Ly-$\alpha$ forest
• Correlation between the Mean Matter Density and the Width of the Saturated Lyman Alpha Absorption
• The Origin of Intergalactic Light in Compact Groups of Galaxies
• Lyman Alpha Absorber Correlations and the Bias of the Lyman Alpha Forest
• HI Imaging the Low Red-shift Cosmic Web
• "Observing and Analyzing" Images From a Simulated High Redshift Universe
• Searching for the Missing Baryons in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium
• The HI Detection of Low Column Density Clouds and Galaxies
• DLAs and Galaxy Formation