Observations of Accreting Pulsars

Abstract

We summarize five years of continuous monitoring of accretion-powered pulsars with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. Our 20-70 keV observations have determined or refined the orbital parameters of 13 binaries, discovered 5 new transient accreting pulsars, measured the pulsed flux history during outbursts of 12 transients (GRO J1744-28, 4U 0115+634, GRO J1750-27, GS 0834-430, 2S 1417-624, GRO J1948+32, EXO 2030+375, GRO J1008-57, A 0535+26, GRO J2058+42, 4U 1145-619 and A 1118-616), and also measured the accretion torque history of during outbursts of 6 of those transients whose orbital parameters were also known. We have also continuously measured the pulsed flux and spin frequency for eight persistently accreting pulsars (Her X-1, Cen X-3, Vela X-1, OAO 1657-415, GX 301-2, 4U 1626-67, 4U 1538-52, and GX 1+4). Because of their continuity and uniformity over a long baseline, BATSE observations have provided new insights into the long-term behavior of accreting magnetic stars. We have found that all accreting pulsars show stochastic variations in their spin frequencies and luminosities, including those displaying secular spin-up or spin-down on long time scales, blurring the conventional distinction between disk-fed and wind-fed binaries. Pulsed flux and accretion torque are strongly correlated in outbursts of transient accreting pulsars, but uncorrelated, or even anticorrelated, in persistent sources.

LaTeX, psfig, 90 pages, 42 figures. To appear in Dec. 1997 ApJS, Vol 113, #2

References in corpus (2)

• The Symbiotic Neutron Star Binary GX 1+4/V2116 Ophiuchi
• On the Correlation of Torque and Luminosity in GX 1+4

Cited by in corpus (499)

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• Theory of quasi-spherical accretion in X-ray pulsars
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• MHD Simulations of Disk-Magnetized Star Interactions in Quiescent Regime: Funnel Flows and Angular Momentum Transport
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• On the spin-up/spin-down transitions in accreting X-ray binaries
• XTE J1946+274 = GRO J1944+26: An Enigmatic Be/X-ray Binary
• Super-Eddington accretion onto a magnetized neutron star
• Interpreting Short Gamma Ray Burst Progenitor Kicks and Time Delays Using the Host Galaxy-Dark Matter Halo Connection
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• A directed search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 with initial LIGO
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• Status and perspectives of Continuous Gravitational Wave searches
• Evidence for a Neutron Star in the non-pulsating massive X-ray binary 4U2206+54
• GRO J1008-57: an (almost) predictable transient X-ray binary
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• Accretion disc formation around the neutron star in Be/X-ray binaries
• Superorbital Period in the High Mass X-ray Binary 2S 0114+650
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• On the relationship between circumstellar disc size and X-ray outbursts in Be/X-ray binaries
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• The Orbit of the High-Mass X-Ray Binary Pulsar 1E1145.1-6141
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• Modeling the light curves of ultraluminous X-ray sources as precession
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• On the nature of XTE J0421+560/CI Cam
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• Further evidence for the presence of a neutron star in 4U 2206+54. INTEGRAL and VLA observations
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• Large X-ray Flares from LMC X-4: Discovery of Milli-hertz Quasi-periodic Oscillations and QPO-modulated Pulsations
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• Variations in the pulsation and spectral characteristics of OAO 1657-415
• A study of the long term evolution of quasi periodic oscillations in the accretion powered X-ray pulsar 4U 1626-67
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• Continuum, cyclotron line, and absorption variability in the high-mass X-ray binary Vela X-1
• Exploration of the $\ps-\pb$ Relation for Wind-Fed X-Ray Pulsars
• The Orbit and Position of the X-ray Pulsar XTE J1855-026 - an Eclipsing Supergiant System
• The discovery of two mildly-recycled binary pulsars in the Northern High Time Resolution Universe pulsar survey
• Chandra and XMM-Newton discovery of the transient X-ray pulsar in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC2403
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• Spin equilibrium in strongly-magnetized accreting stars
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• 4U 1909+07: a well-hidden pearl
• The stellar wind velocity field of HD 77581
• Parameter estimation of a two-component neutron star model with spin wandering
• Study of the accretion torque during the 2014 outburst of the X-ray pulsar GRO J1744-28
• Continuous monitoring of pulse period variations in Her X-1 using Swift/BAT
• Accretion disk reversal and the spin-up/spin-down of accreting pulsars
• General Relativistic Simulations of Accretion Induced Collapse of Neutron Stars to Black Holes
• X-Ray and Optical Observations of XTE J0052-723 a Transient Be/X-Ray Pulsar in the Small Magellanic Cloud
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• Exploring accretion theory with X-ray binaries in the SMC
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• On the possibility of disk-fed formation in supergiant high-mass X-ray binaries
• Recycling neutron stars to ultra short periods: a statistical analysis of their evolution in the mu-P plane
• Discovery of 16.6 and 25.5 s Pulsations from the Small Magellanic Cloud
• The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Discovery of the 11.866 s Be/X-ray binary pulsar XMMUJ004814.0-732204 (SXP11.87)
• Long-term evolution of accretion discs in Be/X-ray binaries
• Observations of The High Mass X-ray Binary A0535+26 in Quiescence
• INTEGRAL observations of the Be/X-ray binary EXO 2030+375 during outburst
• EXTraS discovery of an 1.2-s X-ray pulsar in M 31
• NuSTAR discovery of an unusually steady long-term spin-up of the Be binary 2RXP J130159.6-635806
• Is superorbital modulation in SMC X-1 caused by absorption in warped precessing accretion disc?
• Spectral evidence of an accretion disk in wind-fed X-ray pulsar Vela X-1 during an unusual spin-up period
• The slowest spinning X-ray pulsar in an extragalactic globular cluster
• The pulse profile and spin evolution of the accreting pulsar in Terzan 5, IGR J17480-2446, during its 2010 outburst
• A Bayesian approach for torque modelling of BeXRB pulsars with application to super-Eddington accretors
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• Recent activity of the Be/X-ray binary system SAX J2103.5+4545
• Analyzing X-Ray Pulsar Profiles: Geometry and Beam Pattern of EXO 2030+375
• Temporal properties of GX 301-2 over a year-long observation with SuperAGILE
• Accreting magnetars: linking ultraluminous X-ray pulsars and the slow pulsation X-ray pulsars
• Discovery of Coupling between Periodic and Aperiodic Variability and X-ray Quasi-periodic Oscillations from Her X-1
• Observations of Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients with LOFT
• Timing and spectral analysis of 2S 1417$-$624 during its 2018 outburst
• Discovery of a 1247 s pulsar in the Be X-ray binary SAX J2239.3+6116
• Discovery of Two Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Features in X-ray Pulsar Cen X-3 by Insight-HXMT
• A large spin-up rate measured with INTEGRAL in the High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsar SAXJ2103.5+4545
• Discovery of a New 89 Second X-ray Pulsar XTE J1906+09
• A Puzzling Paucity of Double Peaked X-ray Pulsars
• The Magnetic Field Evolution of ULX NuSTAR J095551+6940.8 in M82--A Legacy of Accreting Magnetar
• Revealing the nature of the transient source MAXI J0637-430 through spectro-temporal analysis
• Centaurus X-3 - A Source of High Energy Gamma Rays
• Cessation of X-ray Pulsation of GX 1+4
• Constraining compactness and magnetic field geometry of X-ray pulsars from the statistics of their pulse profiles
• Observing the onset of the accretion wake in Vela X-1
• Monitoring the Superorbital Period Variation and the Spin Period Evolution of SMC X-1
• Spectral Transition and Torque Reversal in X-ray Pulsar 4U 1626-67
• Long-term evolution of the neutron-star spin period of SXP 1062
• Glancing through the accretion column of EXO 2030+375
• The Orbital Solution and Spectral Classification of the High-Mass X-Ray Binary IGR J01054-7253 in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Long-term Hard X-ray Monitoring of 2S 0114+65 with INTEGRAL/IBIS
• Short term pulse frequency fluctuations of OAO 1657-415 from RXTE observations
• Simulating the shock dynamics of a neutron star accretion column
• Radius of the neutron star magnetosphere during disk accretion
• Centrifugal barriers in magnetospheric accretion
• Pulse phase dependence of emission lines in the X-ray pulsar 4U 1626-67
• INTEGRAL, XMM-Newton and ESO/NTT identification of AX J1749.1-2733: an obscured and probably distant Be/X-ray binary
• Multiwavelength study of the transient X-ray binary IGR J01583+6713
• On the Torque Reversals of Accreting Neutron Stars
• Spin and Spectral Variations of Peculiar High-Mass X-ray Binary 4U 2206+54
• Timing and X-ray Spectral Features of Swift J1626.6-5156
• Near-periodical spin period evolution in the binary system LMC X-4
• The influence of fallback discs on the spectral and timing properties of neutron stars
• Timing analysis of EXO 2030+375 during its 2021 giant outburst observed with Insight-HXMT
• The Orbital Period of the Be/Neutron Star Binary RX J0812.4-3114
• The Evolution of X-ray Bursts in the "Bursting Pulsar" GRO J1744-28
• AstroSat observations of GRO J2058+42 during the 2019 outburst
• Radiative Column and Light Curve of X-Ray Binary Pulsars
• CHIME Discovery of a Binary Pulsar with a Massive Non-Degenerate Companion
• On the torque reversals of 4U 1626--67
• Detection of the orbital modulation of Fe K$\alpha$ fluorescence emission in Centaurus X-3 using the high-resolution spectrometer Resolve onboard XRISM
• 4U 1626-67 Returns to Spin-Down: Timing features toe the line
• Evolution of timing and spectral characteristics of 4U 1901+03 during its 2019 outburst using the Swift and NuSTAR observatories
• Differences between the Two Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars: Variations in the Spin Down Rate of 1E 1048.1-5937 and An Extended Interval of Quiet Spin Down in 1E 2259+586
• INTEGRAL observation of the accreting pulsar 1E1145.1-6141
• Global 3-D Simulations of Magnetospheric Accretion: II. Hot Spots, Equilibrium Torque, Episodic Wind, and Midplane Outflow
• Discovery of X-ray Pulsations from the HMXB Source AXJ1749.1-2733
• Understanding the coexistence of spin-up and spin-down behaviors in long period X-ray pulsars
• Detection of nearly periodic spin period reversals in Vela X-1 on long time-scales: inkling of solar-like cycle in the donor star?
• AXTAR: Mission Design Concept
• Ionized Reflection Spectra from Accretion Disks Illuminated by X-ray Pulsars
• Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Observations of the X-ray Pulsar EXO 1722-363 - a Candidate Eclipsing Supergiant System
• Observations of GRO J1744-28 in quiescence with XMM-Newton
• Discovery of Pulsed X-rays from the SMC Transient RX J0052.1-7319
• Variations and Correlations in Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Features of Vela X-1 Studied by INTEGRAL
• The X-ray Pulsar 2A 1822-371 as a Super Eddington source
• Spectral variation in the X-ray pulsar GX 1+4 during a low-flux episode
• Catalog of the Galactic population of X-ray pulsars in High-mass X-ray binary systems
• Variations of cyclotron resonant scattering features in Vela X-1 revealed with Insight-HXMT
• Superorbital Modulation in the High-Mass X-ray Binary 4U 1538-52, and Possible Modulation in IGR J16393-4643
• GRMHD simulations of accreting neutron stars I: nonrotating dipoles
• The supergiant fast X-ray transient IGRJ18483-0311 in quiescence: XMM-Newton, Swift, and Chandra observations
• Broad band X-ray spectrum of KS 1947+300 with BeppoSAX
• Comparing the Super-Eddington accretion of SMC X-3 and RX J0209.6-7427 with Swift J0243.6+6124
• Broadband Observations of the Transient X-ray Pulsar SAX J2103.5+4545
• Anti-glitches in accreting pulsars from superfluid vortex avalanches
• Broadband X-ray characteristics of the transient pulsar GRO J2058+42
• The giant outburst of 4U 0115+634 in 2011 with Suzaku and RXTE
• Not an Oxymoron: Some X-ray Binary Pulsars with Enormous Spinup Rates Reveal Weak Magnetic Fields
• Properties and observability of glitches and anti-glitches in accreting pulsars
• Recent RXTE/ASM and ROTSEIIId Observations of EXO 2030+375
• Recent Outbursts from the Transient X-Ray Pulsar Cep X-4 (GS 2138+56)
• Timing and Spectral Analysis of HMXB OAO 1657-415 with NuSTAR
• Multitude of iron lines including a Compton scattered component in OAO 1657--415 detected with Chandra
• Detection of the second eclipsing high mass X-ray binary in M 33
• Optical and X-ray studies of Be/X-ray binary 1A 0535+262 during its 2020 giant outburst
• Serendipitous Detections of XTE J1906+09 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
• Orbital- and spin-phase variability in the X-ray emission from the accreting pulsar Cen X-3
• X-ray emission evolution of the Galactic ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 during the 2017-2018 outburst observed by the MAXI GSC
• X-ray outburst of 4U 0115+634 and ROTSE Observations of its Optical Counterpart V635 Cas
• The Megasecond Chandra X-Ray Visionary Project Observation of NGC 3115 (II): properties of point sources
• Swift J0513.4-6547 = LXP 27.2 : a new Be/X-ray binary system in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Angular momentum transport through magnetic accretion curtains inside disrupted discs
• Tracking hidden magnetospheric fluctuations in accretion-powered pulsars with a Kalman filter
• Swift J201424.9+152930: discovery of a new deeply eclipsing binary with 491 s and 3.4 h modulations
• Torque reversal and cyclotron absorption feature in HMXB 4U 1538-522
• QPOs and Orbital elements of X-ray binary 4U 0115+63 during the 2017 outburst observed by Insight-HXMT
• Spin evolution of neutron stars in wind-fed high mass X-ray binaries
• RXTE-PCA Observations of XMMU J054134.7-682550
• Tidal Interaction in High Mass X-ray Binaries
• Neutron Stars in X-ray Binaries and their Environments
• High-Mass X-Ray Binaries with Be Donors as Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the low-luminosity X-ray pulsators SAX J1324.4-6200 and SAX J1452.8-5949
• Hard X-ray lightcurves of High Mass X-ray binaries
• Pulse Frequency Fluctuations of Persistent Accretion Powered Pulsars
• Do we see accreting magnetars in X-ray pulsars?
• Comprehensive Timing and X-ray Spectral Analysis of GX 1+4
• X-Ray Views of Galactic Accreting Pulsars in High-Mass X-Ray Binaries
• Formation of twin compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries: Implications on eccentric and isolated millisecond pulsar populations
• Discovery of cyclotron and narrow Fe K${}_{\alpha }$ lines in HMXB GRO J1750-27
• Temporal Variations And Spectral Properties of Be/X-ray Pulsar GRO J1008-57 Studied by INTEGRAL
• Comprehensive broadband study of accreting neutron stars with Suzaku: Is there a bi-modality in the X-ray spectrum?
• Discovery of Quasi Periodic Oscillations in the persistent X-ray emission of Accreting Binary X-ray Pulsar LMC X-4
• Quiescent X-ray variability in the neutron star Be/X-ray transient GRO J1750-27
• Timing and spectral changes of the Be X-ray transient EXO 0531-6609.2 through high and low state
• Can the Subsonic Accretion Model Explain the Spin Period Distribution of Wind-fed X-ray Pulsars?
• Pulse phase-resolved analysis of SMC X-3 during its 2016--2017 super-Eddington outburst
• On the Physical Nature of the Source of Ultraluminous X-ray Pulsations
• Classifying X-ray Binaries: A Probabilistic Approach
• Constraints on the disc-magnetosphere interaction in accreting pulsar 4U 1626--67
• Torque bistability in the interaction between a neutron star magnetosphere and a thin accretion disc
• Measuring the magnetic dipole moment and magnetospheric fluctuations of SXP 18.3 with a Kalman filter
• NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of SXP 59 during its 2017 giant outburst
• Implementation of a new weave-based search pipeline for continuous gravitational waves from known binary systems
• Comprehensive Analysis of the Transient X-ray Pulsar MAXI J1409-619
• On the spin-up events and spin direction of the X-ray pulsar GX 301-2
• Timing analysis of Swift J0243.6+6124 with NICER and Fermi/GBM during the decay phase of the 2017-2018 outburst
• X-ray Spectra and Pulse Frequency Changes in SAX J2103.5+4545
• NuSTAR observation of X-ray pulsar 1E 1145.1-6141
• Classification of low-luminosity stellar X-ray sources in the field of the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy
• SALT observation of X-ray pulse reprocessing in 4U 1626-67
• A New Measurement of the Spin and Orbital Parameters of the High Mass X-ray Binary Centaurus X-3 using AstroSat
• IGRJ18179-1621: An obscured X-ray pulsar discovered by INTEGRAL
• Torque reversal and orbital profile of X-ray pulsar OAO 1657-415
• Timing and Spectral Studies of the X-ray Pulsar 2S 1417$-$624 During the Outburst in 2021
• Sidebands to mHz QPOs in 4U 1626$-$67 in the second spin-down state
• Physical Environment of Accreting Neutron Stars
• Retrograde wind accretion -- an alternative mechanism for long spin-period of SFXTs
• Funnel-flow accretion onto highly magnetized neutron stars and shock generation
• Broadband study of the Be X-ray binary RX J0520.5-6932 during its outburst in 2024
• A diagnosis on torque reversals in 4U 1626-67
• The ongoing spin-down episode of 4U 1626-67
• Torque reversals and wind variations of X-ray pulsar Vela X-1
• Do Young Neutron Stars Which Show Themselves As AXPs, SGRs and Radio Pulsars Accrete?
• XMM-Newton Observations of the TeV γ-ray Source HESS J1804-216
• Cen x-3 as seen by MAXI during six years
• The gravitational Higgs mechanism and resulting smoking gun effects
• Characteristics and evolution of Be-type high mass X-ray binaries as potential Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• RXTE & Swift Observations of SWIFT J0513.4--6547
• Changes in the distribution of circum-binary material around the HMXB GX 301-2 during a rapid spin-up episode of the neutron star
• Don't torque like that. Measuring compact object magnetic fields with analytic torque models
• Accretion in supergiant High Mass X-ray Binaries
• Exploration of Spin-down Rate of Neutron Star in High Mass X-ray Binaries
• Formation of millisecond pulsar-helium star binaries
• First look at Vela X-1 with XRISM: A simultaneous campaign with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
• Vacuum birefringence and the polarized X-ray emission from a radio magnetar
• Observing Rayleigh-Taylor stable and unstable accretion through a Kalman filter analysis of X-ray pulsars in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Measuring the magnetic dipole moment and magnetospheric fluctuations of accretion-powered pulsars in the Small Magellanic Cloud with an unscented Kalman filter
• Angular Momentum Transfer in the Binary X-ray Pulsar GX 1+4
• XMM-Newton discovery of transient 285.4 s X-ray pulsar XMMU J013359.5+303634 in M33
• AstroSat observations of eclipsing high mass X-ray binary pulsar OAO 1657-415
• A Technique for Narrowband Time Series Photometry: the X-ray Star V2116 Oph
• The spin-down accretion regime of Galactic ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
• The Bursting Pulsar GRO J1744-28: the Slowest Transitional Pulsar?
• An Optical and Infrared Time-Domain Study of the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient Candidate IC 10 X-2
• Use of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) Detectors for an Advanced X-ray Monitor
• Nature of donors in ultra-luminous X-ray binaries powered by neutron stars
• X-ray Pulsars
• The first X-ray spectrum of the HMXB XTE J1855-026 during the compact object eclipse
• The Structure of a Quasi-Keplerian Accretion Disk around Magnetized Stars
• Temporal and spectral study of the X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during the 2021 outburst
• Spectral properties of the Be/X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during Type II outbursts
• Two Years of Observations of the X-ray Pulsar SMC X-1 with the ART-P Telescope onboard the Granat Observatory
• The close environment of high-mass X-ray binaries at high angular resolution I. VLTI/AMBER and VLTI/PIONIER near-infrared interferometric observations of Vela X-1
• The nature of the X-ray pulsar in M31: an intermediate mass X-ray binary?
• Study of recently discovered Be/X-ray pulsar MAXI J0655-013 using NuSTAR
• RXTE and SWIFT Observations of SWIFT J1729.9-3437
• On the origin of super-global spin-up trends of X-ray pulsars in HMXB systems
• Drop in the hard pulsed fraction and a candidate cyclotron line in IGR J16320-4751 seen by NuSTAR
• Long-term spin-down and low luminosity regime in the Be/X-ray binary pulsar GX 304-1
• Method of estimating distances to X-ray pulsars and their magnetic fields
• On the torque exerted by a warped, magnetically threaded accretion disk
• A month of monitoring the new magnetar Swift J1555.2-5402 during an X-ray outburst
• Timing and Spectral Analysis of 4U 1626-67 Using AstroSat/LAXPC
• Studies of Cepheus X-4 during 2018 outburst observed with AstroSat
• Spectral and Timing properties of the recently discovered Be/X-ray pulsar eRASSUJ 052914.9-662446
• Pulse frequency variations and timing noise of MXB 0656-072 during the 2007-2008 type I outbursts and implications for its magnetic field
• Recurrent Instability in LMXB Accretion Disks: How Strange is GRS 1915+105?
• BeppoSAX observations of the X-ray binary pulsar 4U1626-67
• Probing the emission mechanism and nature of the pulsating compact object in the X-ray binary SAX J1324.4-6200