The balance of power: accretion and feedback in stellar mass black holes

Abstract

In this review we discuss the population of stellar-mass black holes in our galaxy and beyond, which are the extreme endpoints of massive star evolution. In particular we focus on how we can attempt to balance the available accretion energy with feedback to the environment via radiation, jets and winds, considering also possible contributions to the energy balance from black hole spin and advection. We review quantitatively the methods which are used to estimate these quantities, regardless of the details of the astrophysics close to the black hole. Once these methods have been outlined, we work through an outburst of a black hole X-ray binary system, estimating the flow of mass and energy through the different accretion rates and states. While we focus on feedback from stellar mass black holes in X-ray binary systems, we also consider the applicability of what we have learned to supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. As an important control sample we also review the coupling between accretion and feedback in neutron stars, and show that it is very similar to that observed in black holes, which strongly constrains how much of the astrophysics of feedback can be unique to black holes.

To be published in Haardt et al. Astrophysical Black Holes. Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer 2015

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• Accretion and Outflow in V404 Cyg
• Multiwavelength observations of the black hole X-ray binary A0620-00 in quiescence
• The First Simultaneous X-Ray/Radio Detection of the First Be/BH System MWC 656
• X-ray binary accretion states in Active Galactic Nuclei? Sensing the accretion disc of supermassive black holes with mid-infrared nebular lines
• The puzzling orbital period evolution of the low mass X-ray binary AX J1745.6-2901
• The appearance of a compact jet in the soft-intermediate state of 4U 1543-47
• The complex evolution of the X-ray binary transient MAXI J1807+132 along the decay of its discovery outburst
• Do Radio Active Galactic Nuclei Reflect X-ray Binary Spectral States?
• Comprehensive coverage of particle acceleration and kinetic feedback from the stellar mass black hole V404 Cygni
• Late-outburst radio flaring in SS Cyg and evidence for a powerful kinetic output channel in cataclysmic variables
• Quasi periodic whispers from a transient ULX in M\,101: signatures of a fast-spinning neutron star?
• Multi-wavelength spectroscopy of the black hole candidate MAXI J1813-095 during its discovery outburst
• Distinct accretion modes of Cygnus X-1 revealed from hard X-rays
• Ask The Machine: Systematic detection of wind-type outflows in low-mass X-ray binaries
• Accretion Disc Evolution in GRO J1655-40 and LMC X-3 with Relativistic and Non-Relativistic Disc Models
• Optical IFU spectroscopy of a bipolar microquasar jet in NGC 300
• Accretion disc winds in X-ray binaries
• X-ray analysis of the accreting supermassive black hole in the radio galaxy PKS 2251+11
• AGN cool feedback and analogy with X-ray binaries: from radiation pressure to cosmic ray driven outflows
• A highly ionised outflow in the X-ray binary 4U 1624-49 detected with XRISM
• The orbital period and inclination of the neutron star X-ray transient MAXI J1807+132
• An infrared FWHM-$K_2$ correlation to uncover highly reddened quiescent black holes
• Secrets behind the RXTE/ASM light curve of Cyg X-3