New Debris Disks Around Nearby Main Sequence Stars: Impact on The Direct Detection of Planets

Abstract

Using the MIPS instrument on the Spitzer telescope, we have searched for infrared excesses around a sample of 82 stars, mostly F, G, and K main-sequence field stars, along with a small number of nearby M stars. These stars were selected for their suitability for future observations by a variety of planet-finding techniques. These observations provide information on the asteroidal and cometary material orbiting these stars - data that can be correlated with any planets that may eventually be found. We have found significant excess 70um emission toward 12 stars. Combined with an earlier study, we find an overall 70um excess detection rate of $13\pm 3$% for mature cool stars. Unlike the trend for planets to be found preferentially toward stars with high metallicity, the incidence of debris disks is uncorrelated with metallicity. By newly identifying 4 of these stars as having weak 24um excesses (fluxes $\sim$10% above the stellar photosphere), we confirm a trend found in earlier studies wherein a weak 24um excess is associated with a strong 70um excess. Interestingly, we find no evidence for debris disks around 23 stars cooler than K1, a result that is bolstered by a lack of excess around any of the 38 K1-M6 stars in 2 companion surveys. One motivation for this study is the fact that strong zodiacal emission can make it hard or impossible to detect planets directly with future observatories like the {\it Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF)}. The observations reported here exclude a few stars with very high levels of emission, $>$1,000 times the emission of our zodiacal cloud, from direct planet searches. For the remainder of the sample, we set relatively high limits on dust emission from asteroid belt counterparts.

References in corpus (29)

• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• The NextGen Model Atmosphere grid for $3000\le \Teff \le 10000\K$
• Chromospheric CaII Emission in Nearby F, G, K, and M stars
• The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background: II. Model of the Interplanetary Dust Cloud
• A Neptune-Mass Planet Orbiting the Nearby M Dwarf GJ 436
• The metal-rich nature of stars with planets
• Late-type stars members of young stellar kinematic groups - I. Single stars
• Core-Accretion Model Predicts Few Jovian-Mass Planets Orbiting Red Dwarfs
• A planetary system as the origin of structure in Fomalhaut's dust belt
• Reduction Algorithms for the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer
• Frequency of Debris Disks around Solar-Type Stars: First Results from a Spitzer/MIPS Survey
• Age dependence of the Vega Phenomenon: Theory
• Incidence and survival of remnant disks around main-sequence stars
• An Excess Due to Small Grains Around The Nearby K0V Star HD69830: Asteroid or Cometary Debris?
• On the Snow Line in Dusty Protoplanetary Disks
• The Vega Debris Disk -- A Surprise from Spitzer
• Dusty Debris Around Solar-Type Stars: Temporal Disk Evolution
• Where Are The M Dwarf Disks Older Than 10 Million Years?
• Planets and IR Excesses: Preliminary Results from a Spitzer/MIPS Survey of Solar-Type Stars
• Photometric and Obscurational Completeness
• Origins of Solar System Dust Beyond Jupiter
• First scattered light images of debris disks around HD 53143 and HD 139664
• Sub-mm observations and modelling of Vega type stars
• Sub-millimeter images of a dusty Kuiper belt around eta Corvi
• IRS Spectra of Solar-Type Stars: \break A Search for Asteroid Belt Analogs
• The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: First Results from a Spitzer Legacy Science Program
• Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Cold Outer Disks Associated with Sun-like stars
• The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000, 5500, and 8000A (II): Measurement of Foreground Zodiacal Light
• Dust outflows and inner gaps generated by massive planets in debris disks

Cited by in corpus (133)

• Debris disks in main sequence binary systems
• Debris Disks: Structure, Composition, and Variability
• Debris disks around Sun-like stars
• Variations on Debris Disks: Icy Planet Formation at 30-150 AU for 1-3 Solar Mass Main Sequence Stars
• The Complete Census of 70-um-Bright Debris Disks within the FEPS (Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems) Spitzer Legacy Survey of Sun-like Stars
• DUst Around NEarby Stars. The survey observational results
• A decreased probability of habitable planet formation around low-mass stars
• New Debris Disks Around Young, Low Mass Stars Discovered With The Spitzer Space Telescope
• Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems (FEPS): Properties of Debris Dust around Solar-type Stars
• Long-Term Collisional Evolution of Debris Disks
• Debris Disks: Seeing Dust, Thinking of Planetesimals and Planets
• Debris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets
• Debris disks as signposts of terrestrial planet formation
• Debris disk size distributions: steady state collisional evolution with P-R drag and other loss processes
• Debris from terrestrial planet formation: the Moon-forming collision
• The Chemical Composition of an Extrasolar Kuiper-Belt-Object
• Herschel imaging of 61 Vir: implications for the prevalence of debris in low-mass planetary systems
• A spectroscopy study of nearby late-type stars, possible members of stellar kinematic groups
• Do Two Temperature Debris Disks Have Multiple Belts?
• The HOSTS survey for exozodiacal dust: Observational results from the complete survey
• SONS: The JCMT legacy survey of debris discs in the submillimetre
• On the Nature of the Dust in the Debris Disk Around HD69830
• The History of the Solar System's Debris Disc: Observable Properties of the Kuiper Belt
• Debris disks as signposts of terrestrial planet formation. II Dependence of exoplanet architectures on giant planet and disk properties
• Resolving debris discs in the far-infrared: early highlights from the DEBRIS survey
• Structure and evolution of debris disks around F-type stars: I. Observations, database and basic evolutionary aspects
• Exo--Zodiacal Dust Levels for Nearby Main Sequence Stars
• Will the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope detect extra-solar planetesimals entering the solar system?
• The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: The Frequency of Giant Planets Around Debris Disk Stars
• The bright end of the exo-Zodi luminosity function: Disk evolution and implications for exo-Earth detectability
• Debris Disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association
• A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris-disc stars. IV. An unbiased sample of 92 southern stars observed in H-band with VLTI/PIONIER
• Explorations Beyond the Snow Line: Spitzer/IRS Spectra of Debris Disks Around Solar-Type Stars
• Metallicity of solar-type stars with debris discs and planets
• Incidence of debris discs around FGK stars in the solar neighbourhood
• Does the presence of planets affect the frequency and properties of extrasolar Kuiper Belts? Results from the Herschel DEBRIS and DUNES surveys
• The SEEDS Direct Imaging Survey for Planets and Scattered Dust Emission in Debris Disk Systems
• A Comprehensive Census of Nearby Infrared Excess Stars
• Gas and dust in the Beta Pictoris Moving Group as seen by the Herschel Space Observatory
• Warm Debris Disks Produced by Giant Impacts During Terrestrial Planet Formation
• A Sensitive Identification of Warm Debris Disks in the Solar Neighborhood Through Precise Calibration of Saturated WISE Photometry
• Variations on Debris Disks II. Icy Planet Formation as a Function of the Bulk Properties and Initial Sizes of Planetesimals
• The Decay of Debris Disks around Solar-Type Stars
• The Correlation Between Metallicity and Debris Disk mass
• Dusty Disks around White Dwarfs I: Origin of Debris Disks
• The SDSS-2MASS-WISE Ten Dimensional Stellar Color Locus
• Nulling interferometry: impact of exozodiacal clouds on the performance of future life-finding space missions
• Kuiper Belts Around Nearby Stars
• The HOSTS survey - Exozodiacal dust measurements for 30 stars
• On the Relationship Between Debris Disks and Planets
• Chemical composition of the young open clusters IC2602 and IC2391
• Nulling Data Reduction and On-Sky Performance of the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer
• Cold dust around nearby stars (DUNES). First results: A resolved exo-Kuiper belt around the solar-like star zeta^2 Ret
• Spitzer observations of the Hyades: Circumstellar debris disks at 625 Myr of age
• Solar System Analogs Around IRAS-Discovered Debris Disks
• First-light LBT nulling interferometric observations: warm exozodiacal dust resolved within a few AU of eta Corvi
• Target selection for the SUNS and DEBRIS surveys for debris discs in the solar neighbourhood
• The Secular Evolution and Dynamical Architecture of the Neptunian Triplet Planetary System HD 69830
• A hot terrestrial planet orbiting the bright M dwarf L 168-9 unveiled by TESS
• Agatha: disentangling periodic signals from correlated noise in a periodogram framework
• A Spitzer IRS Study of Debris Disks Around Planet-Host Stars
• Confusion limited surveys: using WISE to quantify the rarity of warm dust around Kepler stars
• Herschel Observations of Debris Discs Orbiting Planet-hosting Subgiants
• The Edgeworth-Kuiper debris disk
• Herschel discovery of a new class of cold, faint debris discs
• An Unbiased Survey of 500 Nearby Stars for Debris Disks: A JCMT Legacy Program
• Mass and Temperature of the TWA 7 Debris Disk
• Modeling Collisional Cascades In Debris Disks: The Numerical Method
• Exploring the Effects of Stellar Rotation and Wind Clearing: Debris Disks Around F Stars
• Kuiper belt structure around nearby super-Earth host stars
• A temperature condensation trend in the debris-disk binary system Zet2 Ret
• A peculiar class of debris disks from Herschel/DUNES - A steep fall off in the far infrared
• Spatially resolved imaging of the two-component eta Crv debris disk with Herschel
• A HARPS RV search for planets around young nearby stars
• AKARI/IRC 18 Micron Survey of Warm Debris Disks
• Pursuing the planet-debris disk connection: Analysis of upper limits from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
• Spectroscopic metallicities of Vega-like stars
• Multi-Epoch Observations of HD69830: High Resolution Spectroscopy and Limits to Variability
• The circumbinary disk of HD 98800 B: Evidence for disk warping
• Predicting the incidence of planets and debris discs as a function of stellar mass
• Debris disc formation induced by planetary growth
• Constraints on the structure of hot exozodiacal dust belts
• The relevance of prior inclination determination for direct imaging of Earth-like planets
• Dust size and spatial distributions in debris discs: predictions for exozodiacal dust dragged in from an exo-Kuiper belt
• Forming the first planetary systems: debris around Galactic thick disc stars
• Target Selection for the LBTI Exozodi Key Science Program
• The Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope (SPIRIT): High-resolution imaging and spectroscopy in the far-infrared
• Empty gaps? Depleting annular regions in debris discs by secular resonance with a two-planet system
• Capture and evolution of dust in planetary mean-motion resonances: a fast, semi-analytic method for generating resonantly trapped disk images
• The Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph for the James Webb Space Telescope -- IV. Aperture Masking Interferometry
• Potential multi-component structure of the debris disk around HIP 17439 revealed by Herschel/DUNES
• Searching for Planets Orbiting Alpha Centauri A with the James Webb Space Telescope
• Impact of ηearth on the capabilities of affordable space missions to detect biosignatures on extrasolar planets
• Models of the Eta Corvi debris disk from the Keck Interferometer, Spitzer and Herschel
• The debris disk around gamma Doradus resolved with Herschel
• The Structure of the β Leonis Debris Disk
• Emerging trends in metallicity and lithium properties of debris disc stars
• Nulling interferometry: performance comparison between space and ground-based sites for exozodiacal disc detection
• Debris discs around nearby Solar analogues
• Modelling the Inner Debris Disc of HR 8799
• Bright Debris Disk Candidates Observed with AKARI/Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS)
• Debris Disks of Members of the Blanco 1 Open Cluster
• Predicting the frequencies of diverse exo-planetary systems
• Spitzer 24 um Excesses for Bright Galactic Stars in Bootes and First Look Survey Fields
• Dusty OB stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud - II: Extragalactic Disks or Examples of the Pleiades Phenomenon?
• The Kuiper Belt and Other Debris Disks
• The Faintest WISE Debris Disks: Enhanced Methods for Detection and Verification
• Diffusive low optical depth particle disks truncated by planets
• Herschel Observations of Disks around Late-type Stars
• Herschel Observations and Updated Spectral Energy Distributions of Five Sunlike Stars with Debris Disks
• Faint warm debris disks around nearby bright stars explored by AKARI and IRSF
• Polarization of stars with debris disks: comparing observations with models
• A Herschel resolved debris disc around HD 105211
• On the incidence of \textit{WISE} infrared excess among solar analog, twin and sibling stars
• Nulling interferometry: performance comparison between Antarctica and other ground-based sites
• Debris discs and comet populations around Sun-like stars: the Solar System in context
• Seeking echoes of circumstellar disks in Kepler light curves
• Review and prospects of hot exozodiacal dust research for future exo-Earth direct imaging missions
• Planetary system architectures with low-mass inner planets: Direct imaging exploration of mature systems beyond 1 au
• Extra-Solar Kuiper Belt Dust Disks
• A WISE View of IRAS Debris Disks: Revising the Dust Properties
• The Debris Disk Candidates: Eleven 24$\mu$m excess stars in Spitzer SWIRE Fields
• The HOSTS Survey for Exozodiacal Dust: Preliminary results and future prospects
• Searching for the nature of stars with debris disks and planets
• Radial velocity analysis of stars with debris discs
• Pushing the Limits of the Coronagraphic Occulters on HST/STIS
• Debris disks among Kepler solar rotational analog stars
• On the Solar System-Debris Disk Connecction
• A scene model of exosolar systems for use in planetary detection and characterisation simulations
• SPORES-HWO. II. Companion Mass Limits and Updated Planet Properties for 120 Future Exoplanet Imaging Targets from 35 yr of Precise Doppler Monitoring
• The HOSTS Survey: Suspected variable dust emission and constraints on companions around θ Boo
• The Nearest, Brightest Debris Disk Host Stars: Updated Photosphere Models and Dust Properties for Stars with Saturated 2MASS Photometry
• Habitable Zones for Earth-mass Planets in Multiple Planetary Systems