Analysing observed star cluster SEDs with evolutionary synthesis models: Systematic uncertainties
arXiv:astro-ph/0309356 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07197.x
Abstract
We discuss the systematic uncertainties inherent to analyses of observed (broad-band) Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of star clusters with evolutionary synthesis models. We investigate the effects caused by restricting oneself to a limited number of available passbands, choices of various passband combinations, finite observational errors, non-continuous model input parameter values, and restrictions in parameter space allowed during analysis. Starting from a complete set of UBVRIJH passbands (respectively their Hubble Space Telescope/WFPC2 equivalents) we investigate to which extent clusters with different combinations of age, metallicity, internal extinction and mass can or cannot be disentangled in the various evolutionary stages throughout their lifetimes and what are the most useful passbands required to resolve the ambiguities. We find the U and B bands to be of the highest significance, while the V band and near-infrared data provide additional constraints. A code is presented that makes use of luminosities of a star cluster system in all of the possibly available passbands, and tries to find ranges of allowed age-metallicity-extinction-mass combinations for individual members of star cluster systems. Numerous tests and examples are presented. We show the importance of good photometric accuracies and of determining the cluster parameters independently without any prior assumptions.
18 pages, 18 figures (ps and eps), accepted for publication in MNRAS
References in corpus (4)
- Spectral and Photometric Evolution of Young Stellar Populations: the Impact of Gaseous Emission at Various Metallicities
- Star Cluster Formation and Evolution in Nearby Starburst Galaxies: II. Initial Conditions
- Star Cluster Formation and Evolution in the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 1569
- Star Cluster Formation and Evolution in Nearby Starburst Galaxies: I. Systematic Uncertainties
Cited by in corpus (115)
- GALEV evolutionary synthesis models - I. Code, input physics and web-interface
- Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey (LEGUS) with The Hubble Space Telescope. I. Survey Description
- The Star Cluster Population of M51: II. Age distribution and relations among the derived parameters
- The Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039) Revisited: ACS and NICMOS Observations of a Prototypical Merger
- Hierarchical Star Formation in M51: Star/Cluster Complexes
- Intracluster Light at the Frontier II: The Frontier Fields Clusters
- ASteCA - Automated Stellar Cluster Analysis
- Super star clusters in Haro 11: Properties of a very young starburst and evidence for a near-infrared flux excess
- How well do we know the age and mass distributions of the star cluster system in the Large Magellanic Cloud?
- Intra-Cluster Light at the Frontier: Abell 2744
- Accounting for Stochastic Fluctuations when Analysing Integrated Light of Star Clusters. I: First Systematics
- The Star Cluster Population of M51: III. Cluster disruption and formation history
- The star cluster - field star connection in nearby spiral galaxies. II. Field star and cluster formation histories and their relation
- The Spatial Relation between Young Star Clusters and Molecular Clouds in M 51 with LEGUS
- Star-formation in NGC 4038/4039 from broad- and narrow band photometry: Cluster Destruction?
- Young Super Star Clusters in the Starburst of M82: The Catalogue
- The spatial distribution of star and cluster formation in M51
- Dust Sensitivity of Absorption-Line Indices
- The Young Star Cluster population of M51 with LEGUS: I. A comprehensive study of cluster formation and evolution
- Star cluster "infant mortality" in the Small Magellanic Cloud (Redivivus)
- Star Cluster Catalogs for the LEGUS Dwarf Galaxies
- On the Fraction of Star Clusters Surviving the Embedded Phase
- Constraining Globular Cluster Formation Through Studies of Young Massive Clusters - IV. Testing the Fast Rotating Massive Star Scenario
- Virgo Redux: The Masses and Stellar Content of Nuclei in Early-Type Galaxies from Multi-Band Photometry and Spectroscopy
- A spectroscopic census of the M82 stellar cluster population
- On the Origin of Diffuse Ionized Gas in the Antennae Galaxy
- An optical/NIR survey of globular clusters in early-type galaxies II. Ages of GC systems and the relation to galaxy morphology
- Systematic uncertainties in the analysis of star cluster parameters based on broad-band imaging observations
- The ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury. X. Quantifying the Star Cluster Formation Efficiency of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
- A Comprehensive GALEX Ultraviolet Catalog of Star Clusters in M31 and a Study of the Young Clusters
- Age and metallicity gradients support hierarchical formation for M87
- The poorly constrained cluster disruption time-scale in the Large Magellanic Cloud
- Biases on initial mass function determinations. III. Cluster masses derived from unresolved photometry
- The young stellar population of NGC 4214 as observed with HST. II. Results
- Spectral energy distributions and age estimates of 104 M31 globular clusters
- The Young Cluster Population of M82 Region B
- Spectral Energy Distributions and Age Estimates of 39 Globular Clusters in M31
- Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. I. Age, mass, and extinction degeneracies
- The Star Cluster System in the Nearby Starburst Galaxy M82
- The Star Cluster Population in the Tidal Tails of NGC 6872
- A comprehensive study of the open cluster NGC 6866
- Spectrophotometric investigations of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies: Markarian 35
- The NGC 5253 star cluster system. I. Standard modelling and infrared-excess sources
- Massive star cluster formation and evolution in tidal dwarf galaxies
- A "super" star cluster grown old: the most massive star cluster in the Local Group
- New age estimates of M31 globular clusters from multi-colour photometry
- The photometric evolution of dissolving star clusters: II. Realistic models. Colours and M/L ratios
- The Young Star Cluster System in the Antennae: Evidence for a Turnover in the luminosity function
- An updated catalog of M31 globular-like clusters: UBVRI photometry, ages, and masses
- Optical and near infra-red colours as a discriminant of the age and metallicity of stellar populations
- CIRPASS near-infrared integral-field spectroscopy of massive star clusters in the starburst galaxy NGC 1140
- Ionizing stellar population in the disk of NGC 3310 I. The impact of a minor merger on galaxy evolution
- Star cluster versus field star formation in the nucleus of the prototype starburst galaxy M82
- The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury III. Measuring Ages and Masses of Partially Resolved Stellar Clusters
- Detailed AGB evolutionary models and near infrared colours of intermediate-age stellar populations: Tests on star clusters
- Improving Star Cluster Age Estimates in PHANGS-HST Galaxies and the Impact on Cluster Demographics in NGC 628
- CCD UBV photometry of the open cluster NGC 6819
- The Snapshot Hubble U-Band Cluster Survey (SHUCS). I. Survey Description and First Application to the Mixed Star Cluster Population of NGC 4041
- Star clusters in M33: updated UBVRI photometry, ages, metallicities, and masses
- Age constraints for an M31 globular cluster from SEDs-fit
- Young massive clusters in the interacting LIRG Arp 299: evidence for the dependence of star cluster formation and evolution on environment
- Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. II. The degeneracies of age, mass, extinction, and metallicity
- The LAMOST spectroscopic survey of star clusters in M31. II. Metallicities, ages and masses
- The Snapshot Hubble U-Band Cluster Survey (SHUCS) II. Star Cluster Population of NGC 2997
- Age Dating Stellar Populations in the Near Infrared: An absolute age indicator from the presence/absence of red supergiants
- Impact of an AGN featureless continuum on estimation of stellar population properties
- The star cluster - field star connection in nearby spiral galaxies I. Data analysis techniques and application to NGC 4395
- CCD UBV photometric and Gaia astrometric study of eight open clusters- ASCC 115, Collinder 421, NGC 6793, NGC 7031, NGC 7039, NGC 7086, Roslund 1 and Stock 21
- Connections between star cluster populations and their host galaxy nuclear rings
- CCD UBV photometric study of five open clusters - Dolidze 36, NGC 6728, NGC 6800, NGC 7209 and Platais 1
- Stochastic stellar cluster IMFs: Models and impact on integrated cluster parameter determination
- Mapping the Recent Star Formation History of the Disk of M51
- The old globular cluster system of the dIrr galaxy NGC1427A in the Fornax cluster
- Gemini Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of the Stellar Cluster Population in Region B of M82
- The star formation history of the Large Magellanic Cloud as seen by star clusters and stars
- Vestige of the Star Cluster Burst in M51
- The Next Generation Virgo cluster Survey (NGVS). XXVI. The issues of photometric age and metallicity estimates for globular clusters
- CCD UBV Photometry and Kinematics of the Open Cluster NGC 225
- No compelling evidence of significant early star cluster disruption in the Large Magellanic Cloud
- The Magellanic Clouds as a template for the study of stellar populations and galaxy interactions
- How Dry Are Red Mergers?
- The innermost globular clusters of M87
- Empirical SED Templates for Star Clusters Observed with HST and JWST: No Strong PAH or IR Dust Emission after Five Myr
- A Study of Open Clusters Frolov 1 and NGC 7510 using CCD UBV Photometry and Gaia DR2 Astrometry
- Testing three derivative methods of stellar population synthesis models
- Estimating ages and metallicities of M31 star clusters from LAMOST DR6
- Old stellar population synthesis: New age and mass estimates for Mayall II = G1
- An Assessment of Broadband Optical Colours as Age Indicators for Star Clusters
- SLUG IV: A Novel Forward-Modelling Method to Derive the Demographics of Star Clusters
- The star cluster mass--galactocentric radius relation: Implications for cluster formation
- Colour-colour diagrams and extragalactic globular cluster ages. Systematic uncertainties using the (V-K)-(V-I) diagram
- Young Massive Clusters: Their Population Properties, Formation and Evolution, and Their Relation to the Ancient Globular Clusters
- Young Globular Clusters in an old S0: Clues to the Formation History of NGC 4570
- Analysing Globular Cluster observations - Models and Analysis Tools for Lick/IDS indices
- Systematic differences in simple stellar population model results: Application to the M31 globular-like cluster system
- Age and mass constraints for a young massive cluster in M31 based on spectral-energy-distribution fitting
- Globular Clusters in the Outer Halo of M31
- The long-term survival chances of young massive star clusters
- Star clusters in a nuclear star-forming ring: The disappearing string of pearls
- Age and mass studies for young star clusters in M31 from SEDs-fit
- A starburst in the core of a galaxy cluster: The dwarf irregular NGC 1427A in Fornax
- The role of E+A and post-starburst galaxies - II. Spectral energy distributions and comparison with observations
- Star cluster disruption in the starburst galaxy Messier 82
- Extremely rapid star cluster disruption in high-shear circumnuclear starburst rings: the unusual case of NGC 7742
- Constraining the IMF in Extreme Environments: Detecting Young Low Mass Stars in Unresolved Starbursts
- Young star clusters in circumnuclear starburst rings
- Star Clusters in the Nearby Late-Type Galaxy NGC 1311
- Detecting metal-rich intermediate-age Globular Clusters in NGC 4570 using K-band photometry
- The Effects of the WISE/GALEX Photometry for the SED-Fitting with M31 Star Clusters and Candidates
- Star Formation Efficiencies and Star Cluster Formation
- Star Cluster Formation and Star Formation: The Role of Environment and Star Formation Efficiencies
- Massive star clusters and clumps in the collisional ring galaxy Arp 147
- The Impact of Stochastic Attenuation on Photometric Redshift Estimates
- A peculiar object in M51: fuzzy star cluster or a background galaxy?
- Star Cluster Populations in 38 Spiral Galaxies: Evidence for Near-Universal Mass and Age Distributions from PHANGS