A light bending model for the X-ray temporal and spectral properties of accreting black holes

Abstract

Uncorrelated variability between direct X-ray continuum and reflection components (including the Fe line, if present) has been reported in many accreting black hole systems, challenging theoretical models of disc reflection. We explore a model based on gravitational light bending in the near vicinity of the central black hole in which the X-ray variability is controlled by the height of the primary source of X-rays above the accretion disc. The relationship between the direct power law component (PLC) and the reflection-dominated component (RDC) is not trivial and allows to identify three different regimes in which the RDC (and the Fe line) is correlated, anti-correlated or almost independent with respect to the PLC. X-ray observations of the active galaxy MCG-6-30-15 and the black hole candidate XTE J1650-500 (and possibly other sources, e.g. NGC 4051) reveal that a series of predictions are actually observed: the behaviour of the Fe line flux, profile, and EW and of the reflection fraction with respect to the continuum supports our model which may explain what are otherwise puzzling properties of these sources.

extended version including more figures and references: accepted by MNRAS

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• A UV to X-ray view of soft excess in type 1 AGNs: I. sample selection and spectral profile
• Red-skewed K$\alpha$ iron lines in GX 13+1
• Coronal height constraint in IRAS 13224-3809 and 1H 0707-495 by the random forest regressor
• Accretion Properties and Estimation of Spin of Galactic Black Hole Candidate Swift J1728.9-3613 with NuSTAR during its 2019 outburst
• Probing the origin of the iron K_alpha line around stellar and supermassive black holes using X-ray polarimetry
• Relativistic reflection within an extended hot plasma geometry
• Disc wind or disc line? The extraordinary Fe-K feature of Mrk 1513
• Large-amplitude rapid X-ray variability in the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PG 1404$+$226
• A Search for X-ray/UV Correlation in the Reflection-Dominated Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 1044
• On the apparent absence of broad iron lines in Seyfert galaxies
• Can the relativistic light bending model explain X-ray spectral variations of Seyfert galaxies?
• Relativistic Reflection Modeling in AGN and Related Variability from PCA: A Brief Review
• A Systematic Study of the Short-Term X-ray Variability of Seyfert Galaxies I. Diversity of the X-ray Rms Spectra
• Analysing the Suzaku Spectra of the Broad-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy CBS 126
• Unlocking the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources using their X-ray spectra
• Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems
• Time resolved spectroscopy of a GRS 1915+105 flare during its unusual low state using AstroSat
• Models for the X-ray spectra and variability of luminous accreting black holes
• The Reliability of Accretion Disk Inclination Derived from X-ray Spectroscopy of Active Galaxies
• Origin of the X-ray Broad Iron Spectral Feature in GRS 1915+105
• Extracting the X-ray reverberation response functions from the AGN light curves using an autoencoder
• Ionization structure and Fe K$\alpha$ energy for irradiated accretion disks
• UV and X-Ray Variability of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Ark 564
• Probing General Relativity with Accreting Black Holes
• Correlated variability of the reflection fraction with the X-ray flux and spectral index for Mkn 478
• The eROSITA DR1 variability catalogue
• X-ray Absorption and Reprocessing in the $z\sim 2.5$ Lensed Quasar 2MASS J1042+1641
• Monte Carlo simulation of the Compton scattering and disk reflection of a cylinder with hot electrons moving away from a black hole
• Constraining black hole spin in PG 1535+547 amidst complex multi-layered absorption
• The disk-torus system in active galactic nuclei: possible evidence of highly spinning black holes
• Lamp-post with an outflow and the hard state of Cyg X-1
• Association of Optical, Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray excess Emissions in AGNs
• Accretion Geometry of Black Hole X-ray Binaries: Insights from X-ray Observations
• The FeK$\alpha$ Compton shoulder in accreting Supermassive Black Holes
• Iron Line Tomography of General Relativistic Hydrodynamic Accretion around Kerr Black Holes
• Self-consistent population synthesis of AGN from observational constraints in the X-rays
• Black Holes at Work
• On the Relation between the Inclination Angle of the Accretion Disk and the Broad-line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Modelling the energy dependent X-ray variability of Mrk 335
• Variability of the X-ray Broad Iron Spectral Features in Active Galactic Nuclei and Black-hole Binaries
• Constraints on a strong X-ray flare in the Seyfert galaxy MCG-6-30-15
• Mapping the X-ray corona evolution of IRAS 13224-3809 with the power spectral density
• Enhanced activity in close dual-AGN systems in the local Universe
• Strong gravity effects: X-ray spectra, variability and polarimetry