Impact of the out-of-plane conductivity on spin transport evaluation in a van der Waals material

Abstract

Layered materials are promising candidates for spintronic applications due to their unique electronic structures and spin transport properties. However, the strong anisotropic conductivity inherent in these materials complicates the quantitative evaluation of spin Hall conductivity and spin diffusion length. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of spin transport in a transition metal dichalcogenide PtTe${}_2$ by combining a three-dimensional finite element model with nonlocal spin valve structures. We developed a theoretical model that treats an anisotropic spin diffusion in the same way as the conventional isotropic model, enabling the extraction of spin diffusion lengths along both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. Our analysis revealed that the conventional isotropic assumption tends to overestimate some values, particularly for the out-of-plane spin diffusion length and spin Hall conductivity. These findings provide new insight into anisotropic spin diffusion and spin-charge conversions in layered materials and emphasize the importance of accounting for anisotropic conductivity in the design of spintronic devices.

15 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (26)

• Quantum ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
• Advanced capabilities for materials modelling with Quantum ESPRESSO
• Quantum ESPRESSO toward the exascale
• Temperature dependence of spin diffusion length and spin Hall angle in Au and Pt
• Evolution of the spin Hall effect in Pt nanowires: Size and temperature effects
• Unconventional charge-spin conversion in Weyl-semimetal WTe2
• Room-temperature ferroelectric switching of spin-to-charge conversion in GeTe
• Large multi-directional spin-to-charge conversion in low symmetry semimetal MoTe${}_2$ at room temperature
• Unconventional spin Hall effects in nonmagnetic solids
• Preferential out-of-plane conduction and quasi-one-dimensional electronic states in layered 1T-TaS2
• Current-Induced Torques with Dresselhaus Symmetry Due to Resistance Anisotropy in 2D Materials
• Highly anisotropic spin transport in ultrathin black phosphorus
• Unconventional charge-to-spin conversions in graphene/MoTe2 van der Waals heterostructures
• Resolving spin currents and spin densities generated by charge-spin interconversion in systems with reduced crystal symmetry
• Giant Rashba splitting in PtTe/PtTe${}_2$ heterostructure
• Magnetic Proximity induced efficient charge-to-spin conversion in large area PtSe${}_2$/Ni${}_{80}$Fe${}_{20}$ heterostructures
• Control of charge-spin interconversion in van der Waals heterostructures with chiral charge density waves
• Large spin Hall conductivity and excellent hydrogen evolution reaction activity in unconventional PtTe1.75 monolayer
• Anisotropy of the In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Resistivity and the Hall Effect in the Normal State of Vicinal-Grown YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{7-\delta }$ Thin Films
• Evidence for Two-dimensional Weyl Fermions in Air-Stable Monolayer PtTe${}_{1.75}$
• Spin dependent transport characterization in metallic lateral spin valves using 1D and 3D modeling
• Nonreciprocal spin-charge interconversion in topological insulator/ferromagnet heterostructures
• Spin relaxation of localized electrons in monolayer MoSe${}_2$: importance of random effective magnetic fields
• Out-of-plane spin-to-charge conversion at low temperatures in graphene/MoTe${}_2$ heterostructures
• Highly anisotropic Drude-weight-reduction and enhanced linear-dichroism in van der Waals Weyl semimetal Td-MoTe2 with coherent interlayer electronic transport
• Anisotropic resistivity tensor from disk geometry magneto-conductance