Controlling Spin-Mixing Conductance in KTaO${}_3$ 2DEGs by Varying Argon-Ion Irradiation Time

Abstract

The Rashba-split two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the surface and interface of insulating oxides like KTaO${}_3$ (KTO) shows great promise for all-oxide spintronics. However, efficient spin current injection into the adjacent 2DEG remains a key challenge. In this study, we report the spin-pumping experiments on a 2DEG formed on the (001)KTO surface via Ar${}^{+}$ irradiation. We observed a significant increase in magnetic damping in the Ar${}^{+}$-KTO/Py bilayer compared to a non-irradiated KTO/Py control sample, confirming spin pumping into the 2DEG. We demonstrate that the spin-mixing conductance ($g_{\uparrow \downarrow }^r$) can be substantially enhanced by controlling the Ar${}^{+}$ irradiation time. The enhancement is attributed to increased 2DEG conductance, which results from a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies with longer irradiation times. This work provides crucial guidance for optimizing spin-to-charge conversion in KTO-based systems, highlighting the potential of Ar${}^{+}$-irradiated KTO 2DEGs for future oxide spintronics.

10 Page manuscript, 4 Page Supplemental Material, 4 Figures

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