Calibration-independent consistency test of DESI DR2 BAO and SNIa

Abstract

We investigate the consistency between DESI DR2 BAO and three SNIa datasets, Pantheon+, Union3, and DES-Y5. Our consistency test is {calibration}-independent since it is independent of cosmological nuisance parameters such as the absolute peak magnitude $M_B$ and the comoving sound horizon at the baryon drag epoch $r_d$. Importantly, the test is also model-agnostic, independent of any model of dark energy or modified gravity. We define a tension parameter to quantify tension across different datasets compared to DESI DR2 BAO. The Pantheon+ and Union3 data have tension $\lesssim 1\sigma$ across their redshift ranges, whereas the DES-Y5 tension is $\gtrsim 3\sigma$ near $z=1$. This hints that DES-Y5 data has significant offset values for redshifts close to 1, compared to the other SNIa datasets. Since this consistency test is independent of cosmological nuisance parameters, the tension is minimal: other consistency tests involving differences in nuisance parameters may show greater tension.

References added, accepted by JCAP

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• Sound Mode and Scale-Dependent Growth in Two-Fluid Dynamical Dark Energy
• Thermodynamic reconstruction in observationally constrained dynamical dark energy models
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