Recovering the pattern speeds of edge-on barred galaxies via an orbit-superposition method

Abstract

We developed an orbit-superposition method for edge-on barred galaxies and evaluated its capability to recover the bar pattern speed ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{p}}$. We selected three simulated galaxies (Au-18, Au-23, and Au-28) with known pattern speeds from the Auriga simulations and created MUSE-like mock data sets with edge-on views (inclination angles ${\theta }_{\mathrm{T}}\ge 85^{\circ }$) and various bar azimuthal angles ${\phi }_{\mathrm{T}}$. For mock data sets with side-on bars (${\phi }_{\mathrm{T}}\ge 50^{\circ }$), the model-recovered pattern speeds ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{p}}$ encompass the true pattern speeds ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{T}}$ within the model uncertainties ($1\sigma$ confidence levels, $68\%$) for 10 of 12 cases. The average model uncertainty within the $1\sigma$ confidence levels is equal to $10\%$. For mock data sets with end-on bars (${\phi }_{\mathrm{T}}\le 30^{\circ }$), the model uncertainties of ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{p}}$ depend significantly on the bar azimuthal angles ${\phi }_{\mathrm{T}}$, with the uncertainties of cases with ${\phi }_{\mathrm{T}}=10^{\circ }$ approaching $\sim 30\%$. However, by imposing a stricter constraint on the bar morphology ($p_{\mathrm{bar}}\le 0.50$), the average uncertainties are reduced to $14\%$ , and ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{p}}$ still encompass ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{T}}$ within the model uncertainties for three of four cases. For all the models that we create in this paper, the $2\sigma$ ($95\%$) confidence levels of the model-recovered pattern speeds ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{p}}$ always cover the true values ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{T}}$.

19 pages, 15 figures

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• Orbit-based structural decomposition and stellar population recovery for edge-on barred galaxies