The $Hubble$ Missing Globular Cluster Survey. I. Survey overview and the first precise age estimate for ESO452-11 and 2MASS-GC01

Abstract

We present the $Hubble$ Missing Globular Cluster Survey (MGCS), a $Hubble$ $Space$ $Telescope$ Treasury Program dedicated to the observation of all kinematically confirmed Milky Way globular clusters that missed previous $Hubble$ imaging. After introducing the aims of the programme and describing its target clusters, we showcase the first results of the survey. These are related to two clusters, one located at the edge of the Milky Way bulge and observed in optical bands, namely ESO452-11, and one located in the Galactic disc observed in the near-IR, namely 2MASS-GC01. For both clusters, the deep colour-magnitude diagrams obtained from the MGCS observations reach several magnitudes below their main-sequence turn-off and thus enable the first precise estimate of their age. By using the methods developed in the Cluster Ages to Reconstruct the Milky Way Assembly (CARMA) project, we find ESO452-11 to be an old metal-intermediate globular cluster, with $[M/H]\simeq -0.80_{-0.11}^{+0.08}$ and an age of $\mathrm{t}=13.59_{-0.69}^{+0.48}$ Gyr. Its location on the age-metallicity relation makes it consistent with an in situ origin, in agreement with its dynamical properties. On the other hand, the results for 2MASS-GC01 highlight it as a young metal-intermediate cluster, with an age of $\mathrm{t}=7.22_{-1.11}^{+0.93}$ Gyr at $[M/H]=-0.73_{-0.06}^{+0.06}$. Despite the large associated uncertainty, our age estimate for this extremely extincted cluster indicates it to be either the youngest globular cluster known to date or a massive and compact open cluster, which is consistent with its almost circular, disc-like orbit

14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted by A&A. Cluster catalogues will be presented and made public in a forthcoming paper by Libralato et al

References in corpus (78)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• The Gaia mission
• Gaia Data Release 3: Summary of the content and survey properties
• The merger that led to the formation of the Milky Way's inner stellar halo and thick disk
• The mass distribution and gravitational potential of the Milky Way
• Co-formation of the Galactic disc and the stellar halo
• A Universal Stellar Initial Mass Function? A Critical Look at Variations
• A catalogue of masses, structural parameters and velocity dispersion profiles of 112 Milky Way globular clusters
• Omega Centauri: The Population Puzzle Goes Deeper
• The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. I. Overview and Clusters Without Previous HST Photometry
• The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. I. Overview of the Project and Detection of Multiple Stellar Populations
• The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VII. Relative Ages
• The Ages of 55 Globular Clusters as Determined Using an Improved delta V_TO^HB Method Along with Color-Magnitude Diagram Constraints, and Their Implications for Broader Issues
• Gaia EDR3 view on Galactic globular clusters
• The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. XII. Photometric Binaries along the Main-Sequence
• The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. IX. The Atlas of Multiple Stellar Populations
• The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. IX. Horizontal Branch Morphology and the Second Parameter Phenomenon
• Origin of the system of globular clusters in the Milky Way
• Accurate distances to Galactic globular clusters through a combination of Gaia EDR3, HST and literature data
• The formation and assembly history of the Milky Way revealed by its globular cluster population
• The Updated BaSTI Stellar Evolution Models and Isochrones: I. Solar Scaled Calculations
• The cluster Terzan 5 as a remnant of a primordial building block of the Galactic bulge
• A time-resolved picture of our Milky Way's early formation history
• The Bifurcated Age-Metallicity Relation of Milky Way Globular Clusters and its Implications For the Accretion History of the Galaxy
• Dynamical age differences among coeval star clusters as revealed by blue stragglers
• Red Giant Branch stars: the theoretical framework
• The updated BaSTI stellar evolution models and isochrones: II. alpha-enhanced calculations
• Astrometry and photometry with HST WFC3. II. Improved geometric-distortion corrections for 10 filters of the UVIS channel
• Improving the open cluster census. III. Using cluster masses, radii, and dynamics to create a cleaned open cluster catalogue
• The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters - XVII. Public Catalogue Release
• The Global Dynamical Atlas of the Milky Way mergers: Constraints from Gaia EDR3 based orbits of globular clusters, stellar streams and satellite galaxies
• Reverse engineering the Milky Way
• The State-of-the-Art HST Astro-Photometric Analysis of the core of $\omega$ Centauri. I. The Catalog
• The discovery of two extremely low luminosity Milky Way globular clusters
• Spectroscopy Unveils the Complex Nature of Terzan 5
• Revised bolometric corrections and interstellar extinction coefficients for the ACS and WFPC2 photometric systems
• Color transformations and bolometric corrections for Galactic halo stars: alpha-enhanced vs scaled-solar results
• The Chemical Compositions of Accreted and {\it in situ} Galactic Globular Clusters According to SDSS/APOGEE
• Ceci n'est pas a globular cluster: the metallicity distribution of the stellar system Terzan 5
• Astrometry and photometry with HST-WFC3. I. Geometric distortion corrections of F225W, F275W, F336W bands of the UVIS-channel
• The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. XXIII. Proper-motion catalogs and internal kinematics
• The Terzan 5 puzzle: discovery of a third, metal-poor component
• The age of the young bulge-like population in the stellar system Terzan5: linking the Galactic bulge to the high-z Universe
• The Gaia-ESO survey: mapping the shape and evolution of the radial abundance gradients with open clusters
• Absolute Ages of Globular Clusters and the Age of the Universe
• On the temporal evolution of the stellar mass function in Galactic clusters
• The intriguing stellar populations in the globular clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441
• 3D motions in the Sculptor dwarf galaxy as a glimpse of a new era
• Absolute V-band magnitudes and mass-to-light ratios of Galactic globular clusters
• Serendipitous 2MASS Discoveries Near the Galactic Plane: A Spiral Galaxy and Two Globular Clusters
• A new class of fossil fragments from the hierarchical assembly of the Galactic bulge
• Photometric binaries, mass functions, and structural parameters of 78 Galactic open clusters
• The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VII. Implications from the Nearly Universal Nature of Horizontal Branch Discontinuities
• Stellar 3-D kinematics in the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy
• Red Giant Branch Stars as Probes of Stellar Populations I: 2MASS Calibration and Application to 2MASS GC01
• The power of teaming up HST and Gaia: the first proper motion measurement of the distant cluster NGC 2419
• Structural parameters of 11 faint Galactic globular clusters derived with 2MASS
• Cluster Ages to Reconstruct the Milky Way Assembly (CARMA) I. The final word on the origin of NGC6388 and NGC6441
• JWST-TST Proper Motions: I. High-Precision NIRISS Calibration and Large Magellanic Cloud Kinematics
• Mass modelling globular clusters in the Gaia era: a method comparison using mock data from an $N$-body simulation of M4
• Radial variation of the stellar mass functions in the globular clusters M15 and M30: clues of a non-standard IMF?
• Global survey of star clusters in the Milky Way -- VII. Tidal parameters and mass function
• ESO452-SC11: The lowest mass globular cluster with a potential chemical inhomogeneity
• First evidence of multi-iron sub-populations in the Bulge Fossil Fragment candidate Liller 1
• From globular clusters to the disc: the dual life of our Galaxy
• A census of new globular clusters in the Galactic bulge
• Mapping radial abundance gradients with Gaia-ESO open clusters: Evidence of recent gas accretion in the Milky Way disk
• Clues to the formation of Liller 1 from modeling its complex star formation history
• Modelling the Observed Stellar Mass Function and its Radial Variation in Galactic Globular Clusters
• Hunting for intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters: an astrometric study of NGC 6441
• Spectroscopic study of the elusive globular cluster ESO452-SC11 and its surroundings
• Chemistry of multiple stellar populations in the mono-metallic, in situ, bulge globular cluster NGC 6388
• The HST large programme on NGC 6752 -- IV. The White Dwarf Sequence
• Gaia-IGRINS synergy: Orbits of Newly Identified Milky Way Star Clusters
• The longevity of the oldest open clusters: Structural parameters of NGC 188, NGC 2420, NGC 2425, NGC 2682, NGC 6791, NGC 6819
• Peeking beneath the precision floor -- II. Probing the chemo-dynamical histories of the potential globular cluster siblings, NGC 288 and NGC 362
• Monte Carlo simulations of multiple populations in globular clusters: constraints on the initial size of the second generation from binary stars
• SpectroTranslator: a deep-neural network algorithm to homogenize spectroscopic parameters

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Neutron-Capture Element Signatures in Globular Clusters: Insights from the Gaia-ESO Survey
• Not all nitrogen-rich field stars originate from globular clusters