A Gaussian Process Generative Model for QCD Equation of State

Abstract

We develop a generative model for the nuclear matter equation of state at zero net baryon density using the Gaussian Process Regression method. We impose first-principles theoretical constraints from lattice QCD and hadron resonance gas at high- and low-temperature regions, respectively. By allowing the trained Gaussian Process Regression model to vary freely near the phase transition region, we generate random smooth cross-over equations of state with different speeds of sound that do not rely on specific parameterizations. We explore a collection of experimental observable dependencies on the generated equations of state, which paves the groundwork for future Bayesian inference studies to use experimental measurements from relativistic heavy-ion collisions to constrain the nuclear matter equation of state.

12 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (64)

• The equation of state in (2+1)-flavor QCD
• Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors
• Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture, and the Big Questions
• Critical point of QCD at finite T and μ, lattice results for physical quark masses
• Femtoscopy in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions: Two Decades of Progress
• Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation
• Fluctuating Glasma initial conditions and flow in heavy ion collisions
• 3+1D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Photon Emission from Quark-Gluon Plasma: Complete Leading Order Results
• Mapping the Phases of Quantum Chromodynamics with Beam Energy Scan
• Search for the QCD Critical Point with Fluctuations of Conserved Quantities in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC : An Overview
• The QCD Equation of State to $\mathcal{O}({\mu }_B^6)$ from Lattice QCD
• The production of photons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Hadronic Production of Thermal Photons
• Multi-system Bayesian constraints on the transport coefficients of QCD matter
• Higher flow harmonics from (3+1)D event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics
• QCD at finite chemical potential with six time slices
• Non-parametric inference of the neutron star equation of state from gravitational wave observations
• Lattice QCD and heavy ion collisions: a review of recent progress
• Particlization in hybrid models
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Constraining the Eq. of State of Super-Hadronic Matter from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Transport Coefficients of Bulk Viscous Pressure in the 14-moment approximation
• Universal hydrodynamics of non-conformal branes
• A transverse momentum differential global analysis of Heavy Ion Collisions
• Running the gamut of high energy nuclear collisions
• Imprints of fluctuating proton shapes on flow in proton-lead collisions at the LHC
• Lattice QCD equation of state at finite chemical potential from an alternative expansion scheme
• Determining Fundamental Properties of Matter Created in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Equation of state at finite densities for QCD matter in nuclear collisions
• Resolving the HBT Puzzle in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision
• Hydrodynamic predictions for 5.44 TeV Xe+Xe collisions
• STAR experiment results from the beam energy scan program at RHIC
• Thermodynamics of hot strong-interaction matter from ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
• Event-by-event mean $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ fluctuations in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Dynamical vs. equilibrium properties of the QCD phase transition: a holographic perspective
• Nonlinear Constraints on Relativistic Fluids Far From Equilibrium
• Transverse momentum fluctuations and their correlation with elliptic flow in nuclear collision
• Multi-messenger heavy-ion collision physics
• Determination of the neutron skin of ${}^{208}$Pb from ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
• Hybrid Color Glass Condensate and hydrodynamic description of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider small system scan
• Longitudinal dynamics and particle production in relativistic nuclear collisions
• The Present and Future of QCD
• Lattice-based equation of state at finite baryon number, electric charge and strangeness chemical potentials
• Investigating the collision energy dependence of $\eta$/s in RHIC beam energy scan using Bayesian statistics
• The QCD phase diagram and Beam Energy Scan physics: a theory overview
• Diffusion processes involving multiple conserved charges: a first study from kinetic theory and implications to the fluid-dynamical modeling of heavy ion collisions
• Universal Parametrization of Thermal Photon Rates in Hadronic Matter
• Hydrodynamic simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions with different lattice QCD calculations of the equation of state
• QCD Equation of State at Finite Chemical Potentials for Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
• New approach to lattice QCD at finite density; results for the critical end point on coarse lattices
• Photon Emission from a Momentum Anisotropic Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Exploring theoretical uncertainties in the hydrodynamic description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• The 3D structure of anisotropic flow in small collision systems at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
• The RHIC Beam Energy Scan Program: Results from the PHENIX Experiment
• Probing initial baryon stopping and equation of state with rapidity-dependent directed flow of identified particles
• Lattice QCD Equation of State for Nonvanishing Chemical Potential by Resumming Taylor Expansion
• $p_T$-Dependent Particle Number Fluctuations From Principal Component Analyses in Hydrodynamic Simulations of Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Virtual Photons Shed Light on the Early Temperature of Dense QCD Matter
• Rapidity scan with multistage hydrodynamic and statistical thermal models
• Bayesian analysis of (3+1)D relativistic nuclear dynamics with the RHIC beam energy scan data
• Photon radiation from heavy-ion collisions in the $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=19-200$ GeV regime
• Event-by-event anti-deuteron multiplicity fluctuation in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV
• On model emulation and closure tests for 3+1D relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Characterizing radial flow fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at top RHIC and LHC energies
• Bayesian Model Selection and Uncertainty Propagation for Beam Energy Scan Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Learning Informed Prior Distributions with Normalizing Flows for Bayesian Analysis
• Rapidity dependence of mean transverse momentum fluctuation and decorrelation in baryon-dense medium