CHIME/FRB/Pulsar discovery of a nearby long period radio transient with a timing glitch

Abstract

We present the discovery of a 421 s long period radio transient (LPT) using the CHIME telescope, CHIME J0630+25. The source is localized to RA=06:30:38.4$\pm 1^{\prime }$ Dec=25:26:24$\pm 1^{\prime }$ using voltage data acquired with the CHIME baseband system. A timing analysis shows that a model including a glitch is preferred over a non-glitch model with $dF/F=1.3\times 10^{-6}$, consistent with other glitching neutron stars. The timing model suggests a surface magnetic field of $\sim 1.5\times 10^{15}$ G and a characteristic age of $\sim 1.28\times 10^6$ yrs. A separate line of evidence to support a strong local magnetic field is an abnormally high rotation measure of $RM=-347.8(6)\mathrm{rad}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}$ relative to CHIME J0630+25's modest dispersion measure of 22(1) pc cm${}^{-2}$, implying a dense local magneto-ionic structure. As a result, we believe that CHIME J0630+25 is a magnetized, slowly spinning, isolated neutron star. This marks CHIME J0630+25 as the longest period neutron star and the second long period neutron star with an inferred magnetar-like field. Based on dispersion measure models and comparison with pulsars with distance measurements, CHIME J0630+25 is located at a nearby distance of 170${}_{-100}^{+310}$ pc (95.4\%), making it an ideal candidate for follow-up studies.

V3: Typos fixed. V2:The previous submission was delayed due to other commitments of the lead author. Because of that, this new version of the paper has a) more data, b) baseband/raw volatage data, d) more analysis on the timing and polarisation, c) reformatted. This publication has been accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters

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