Digging into the Interior of Hot Cores with ALMA (DIHCA). III: The Chemical Link between NH${}_2$CHO, HNCO, and H${}_2$CO

Abstract

We have analyzed the NH${}_2$CHO, HNCO, H${}_2$CO, and CH${}_3$CN (${}^{13}$CH${}_3$CN) molecular lines at an angular resolution of $\sim 0.3^{\prime \prime }$ obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 toward 30 high-mass star-forming regions. The NH${}_2$CHO emission has been detected in 23 regions, while the other species have been detected toward 29 regions. A total of 44 hot molecular cores (HMCs) have been identified using the moment 0 maps of the CH${}_3$CN line. The fractional abundances of the four species have been derived at each HMC. In order to investigate pure chemical relationships, we have conducted a partial correlation test to exclude the effect of temperature. Strong positive correlations between NH${}_2$CHO and HNCO ($\rho =0.89$) and between NH${}_2$CHO and H${}_2$CO (0.84) have been found. These strong correlations indicate their direct chemical links; dual-cyclic hydrogen addition and abstraction reactions between HNCO and NH${}_2$CHO and gas-phase formation of NH${}_2$CHO from H${}_2$CO. Chemical models including these reactions can reproduce the observed abundances in our target sources.

Accepted for The Astrophysical Journal. 27 pages, 10 tables, and 13 figures

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