Search for light dark matter with ionization signals in the PandaX-4T Experiment

Abstract

We report the search results of light dark matter through its interactions with shell electrons and nuclei, using the commissioning data from the PandaX-4T liquid xenon detector. Low energy events are selected to have an ionization-only signal between 60 to 200 photoelectrons, corresponding to a mean nuclear recoil energy from 0.77 to 2.54 keV and electronic recoil energy from 0.07 to 0.23 keV. With an effective exposure of 0.55 tonne$\cdot$year, we set the most stringent limits within a mass range from 40 $MeV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ to 10 $GeV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ for point-like dark matter-electron interaction, 100 MeV/c${}^2$ to 10 GeV/c${}^2$ for dark matter-electron interaction via a light mediator, and 3.2 to 4 $GeV/{\mathrm{c}}^2$ for dark matter-nucleon spin-independent interaction. For DM interaction with electrons, our limits are closing in on the parameter space predicted by the freeze-in and freeze-out mechanisms in the early Universe.

5 pages, 8 figure

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• A Dark Sink Enhances the Direct Detection of Freeze-in Dark Matter
• Search for Light Dark Matter in Low-Energy Ionization Signals from XENONnT
• Minimal Dark Matter Freeze-in with Low Reheating Temperatures and Implications for Direct Detection
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• Design and characterization of a photosensor system for the RELICS experiment
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• Earth-Scattering Induced Modulation in Low-Threshold Dark Matter Experiments
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• Constraints on dark matter boosted by supernova shock within the effective field theory framework from the CDEX-10 experiment