Life cycle of cosmic-ray electrons in the intracluster medium

Abstract

We simulate the evolution of relativistic electrons injected into the medium of a small galaxy cluster by a central radio galaxy, studying how the initial jet power affects the dispersal and the emission properties of radio plasma. By coupling passive tracer particles to adaptive-mesh cosmological MHD simulations, we study how cosmic-ray electrons are dispersed as a function of the input jet power. We also investigate how the latter affects the thermal and non-thermal properties of the intracluster medium, with differences discernible up to $\sim$ Gyr after the start of the jet. We evolved the energy spectra of cosmic-ray electrons, subject to energy losses that are dominated by synchrotron and inverse Compton emission as well as energy gains via re-acceleration by shock waves and turbulence. We find that in the absence of major mergers the amount of re-acceleration experienced by cosmic-ray electrons is not enough to produce long-lived detectable radio emissions. However, for all simulations the role of re-acceleration processes is crucial to maintain a significant and volume-filling reservoir of fossil electrons ($\gamma \sim 10^3$) for several Gyrs after the first injection by jets. This is important to possibly explain recent discoveries of cluster-wide emission and other radio phenomena in galaxy clusters.

arXiv comment25 pages, 24 figures. A & A accepted, in press

References in corpus (110)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• Heating Hot Atmospheres with Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Systematic Study of Radio-Induced X-ray Cavities in Clusters, Groups, and Galaxies
• Enzo: An Adaptive Mesh Refinement Code for Astrophysics
• Cosmological simulations of the growth of supermassive black holes and feedback from active galactic nuclei: method and tests
• Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters and their non-thermal emission
• Simulations of small-scale turbulent dynamo
• Diffuse Radio Emission from Galaxy Clusters
• Residual Gas Motions in the Intracluster Medium and Bias in Hydrostatic Measurements of Mass Profiles of Clusters
• Distant Radio Galaxies and their Environments
• Compressible Turbulence in Galaxy Clusters: Physics and Stochastic Particle Re-acceleration
• The Romulus Cosmological Simulations: A Physical Approach to the Formation, Dynamics and Accretion Models of SMBHs
• Cause and Effect of Feedback: Multiphase Gas in Cluster Cores Heated by AGN Jets
• Bow shock and radio halo in the merging cluster A520
• The Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Ray Electrons in Clusters of Galaxies and Inverse Compton Emission
• Radio galaxies and feedback from AGN jets
• Simulating the effect of AGN feedback on the metal enrichment of galaxy clusters
• Revisiting the Fanaroff-Riley dichotomy and radio-galaxy morphology with the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS)
• Turbulent Motions and Shocks Waves in Galaxy Clusters simulated with AMR
• Cool Core Clusters from Cosmological Simulations
• Simulations of AGN feedback in galaxy clusters and groups: impact on gas fractions and the Lx-T scaling relation
• X-ray Supercavities in the Hydra A Cluster and the Outburst History of the Central Galaxy's Active Nucleus
• Diffusive Shock Acceleration Simulations of Radio Relics
• Cold, clumpy accretion onto an active supermassive black hole
• Acceleration of primary and secondary particles in galaxy clusters by compressible MHD turbulence: from radio halos to gamma rays
• Giant radio relics in galaxy clusters: reacceleration of fossil relativistic electrons?
• Massive and Refined. II. The statistical properties of turbulent motions in massive galaxy clusters with high spatial resolution
• A numerical simulation of the evolution and fate of a FRI jet. The case of 3C 31
• Non-Thermal Electron Acceleration in Low Mach Number Collisionless Shocks. I. Particle Energy Spectra and Acceleration Mechanism
• Resolved magnetic dynamo action in the simulated intracluster medium
• Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Disk Galaxy Formation: the Magnetization of The Cold and Warm Medium
• An XMM-Newton study of the environments, particle content and impact of low-power radio galaxies
• AGN Jet Kinetic Power and the Energy Budget of Radio Galaxy Lobes
• Electron Injection by Whistler Waves in Non-relativistic Shocks
• Particle content, radio-galaxy morphology and jet power: all radio-loud AGN are not equal
• AGN Feedback in Galaxy Groups: the Delicate Touch of Self-Regulated Outflows
• Stochastic reacceleration of relativistic electrons by turbulent reconnection: a mechanism for cluster-scale radio emission ?
• Simulations of extragalactic magnetic fields and of their observables
• Shock acceleration efficiency in radio relics
• Turbulence and Vorticity in Galaxy Clusters Generated by Structure Formation
• Numerical modelling of the lobes of radio galaxies in cluster environments II: Magnetic field configuration and observability
• M87 at metre wavelengths: the LOFAR picture
• Re-acceleration of Nonthermal Particles at Weak Cosmological Shock Waves
• Constraining turbulence and conduction in the hot ICM through density perturbations
• AGN jet feedback on a moving mesh: cocoon inflation, gas flows and turbulence
• Non-Thermal Electron Acceleration in Low Mach Number Collisionless Shocks. II. Firehose-Mediated Fermi Acceleration and its Dependence on Pre-Shock Conditions
• Gentle re-energisation of electrons in merging galaxy clusters
• The duty cycle of radio-mode feedback in complete samples of clusters
• Simulating the interaction of jets with the intra-cluster medium
• Modeling the Large Scale Structures of Astrophysical Jets in the Magnetically Dominated Limit
• Simulations of the dynamics of magnetised jets and cosmic rays in galaxy clusters
• Turbulence and Dynamo in Galaxy Cluster Medium: Implications on the Origin of Cluster Magnetic Fields
• MHD Simulations of AGN Jets in a Dynamic Galaxy Cluster Medium
• Spectral ageing in the lobes of cluster-centre FR-II radio galaxies
• Second order Fermi reacceleration mechanisms and large scale synchrotron radio emission in intra-cluster bridges
• Discovery of Magnetic Fields Along Stacked Cosmic Filaments as Revealed by Radio and X-Ray Emission
• Galaxy Formation with Self-consistently Modeled Stars and Massive Black Holes. I: Feedback-regulated Star Formation and Black Hole Growth
• The beautiful mess in Abell 2255
• Turbulent pressure support and hydrostatic mass-bias in the intracluster medium
• LOFAR discovery of an ultra-steep radio halo and giant head-tail radio galaxy in Abell 1132
• New constraints on the magnetization of the cosmic web using LOFAR Faraday rotation observations
• Electron acceleration in non-relativistic quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks
• LOFAR discovery of a double radio halo system in Abell 1758 and radio/X-ray study of the cluster pair
• LOFAR discovery of a 700-kpc remnant radio galaxy at low redshift
• Co-evolution of massive black holes and their host galaxies at high redshift: discrepancies from six cosmological simulations and the key role of JWST
• Black hole feeding and feedback: the physics inside the "subgrid"
• Making Fanaroff-Riley I radio sources. Numerical Hydrodynamic 3D Simulations of Low Power Jets
• Self-Similar Evolution of Cosmic-Ray-Modified Quasi-Parallel Plane Shocks
• Accretion mode versus radio morphology in the LOFAR Deep Fields
• Blandford-Znajek jets in galaxy formation simulations: method and implementation
• Turbulent dynamo in a collisionless plasma
• Turbulent Amplification and Structure of the Intracluster Magnetic Field
• General relativistic MHD simulations of non-thermal flaring in Sagittarius A*
• Tracing Black Hole and Galaxy Co-evolution in the Romulus Simulations
• A snapshot of the oldest AGN feedback phases
• Early Starbursts and Magnetic Field Generation in Galaxy Clusters
• CNN Architecture Comparison for Radio Galaxy Classification
• Simulating the dynamics and synchrotron emission from relativistic jets II. Evolution of non-thermal electrons
• The ultra-steep diffuse radio emission observed in the cool-core cluster RX J1720.1+2638 with LOFAR at 54 MHz
• Radiative age mapping of the remnant radio galaxy B2 0924+30: the LOFAR perspective
• Revived Fossil Plasma Sources in Galaxy Clusters
• Simulating the transport of relativistic electrons and magnetic fields injected by radio galaxies in the intracluster medium
• The magnetized medium around the radio galaxy B2 0755+37: an interaction with the intra-group gas
• Thermal and non-thermal traces of AGN feedback: results from cosmological AMR simulations
• Radio spectral properties and jet duty cycle in the restarted radio galaxy 3C388
• The galaxy group NGC 507: newly detected AGN remnant plasma transported by sloshing
• The Radio Galaxy Population in the SIMBA SImulations
• Interactions Between Radio Galaxies and Cluster Shocks - 1: Jet Axes Aligned with Shock Normals
• Constraining the AGN duty cycle in the cool-core cluster MS 0735.6+7421 with LOFAR data
• Jets from MRC 0600-399 bent by magnetic fields in the cluster Abell 3376
• Deep Learning Based Detection of Cosmological Diffuse Radio Sources
• The Mixing and Transport Properties of the Intra Cluster Medium: a numerical study using tracers particles
• Multi-scale analysis of turbulence evolution in the density stratified intracluster medium
• Using Collisions of AGN Outflows with ICM Shocks as Dynamical Probes
• Evolution of vorticity and enstrophy in the intracluster medium
• Radio mode feedback: Does relativity matter?
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): LOFAR view of brightest cluster galaxies and AGN feedback
• Exploring the relation between turbulent velocity and density fluctuations in the stratified intracluster medium
• Shock waves in the magnetized cosmic web: the role of obliquity and cosmic-ray acceleration
• A multifiltering study of turbulence in a large sample of simulated galaxy clusters
• Limiting the shock acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in the ICM
• Radio relics radio emission from multi-shock scenario
• Troubled cosmic flows: turbulence, enstrophy and helicity from the assembly history of the intracluster medium
• Ultra-Steep Spectrum Radio `Jellyfish' Uncovered in Abell 2877
• The relation between the diffuse X-ray luminosity and the radio power of the central AGN in galaxy groups
• Unmasking the history of 3C 293 with LOFAR sub-arcsecond imaging
• A closer look at the deep radio sky: Multi-component radio sources at 3-GHz VLA-COSMOS
• J1615+5452: a remnant radio galaxy in the ELAIS-N1 field
• Stabilizing effect of magnetic helicity on magnetic cavities in the intergalactic medium

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Recent Progress in Modeling the Macro- and Micro-Physics of Radio Jet Feedback in Galaxy Clusters
• Morphological Classification of Radio Galaxies with wGAN-supported Augmentation
• The evolution of cosmic ray electrons in the cosmic web: seeding by AGN, star formation and shocks
• A multishock scenario for the formation of radio relics
• New filamentary remnant radio emission and duty cycle constraints in the radio galaxy NGC 6086
• Jet interaction with galaxy cluster mergers
• Cosmological simulations of the generation of cluster-scale radio emission from turbulent re-acceleration
• The Jet Paths of Radio AGN and their Cluster Weather
• Excess of diffuse gamma-ray emission detected from the galaxy cluster Abell 119 from 14-year Fermi-LAT Data
• Cosmological simulation of a radio synchrotron bridge between pre-merging galaxy clusters