Conditions for Clump Survival in High-z Disc Galaxies

Abstract

We study the survival versus disruption of the giant clumps in high-redshift disc galaxies, short-lived (S) versus long-lived (L) clumps and two L sub-types, via analytic modeling tested against simulations. We develop a criterion for clump survival, with or without their gas, based on a predictive survivability parameter $S$. It compares the energy sources by supernova feedback and gravitational contraction to the clump binding energy and losses by outflows and turbulence dissipation. The clump properties are derived from Toomre instability, approaching virial and Jeans equilibrium, and the supernova energy deposit is based on an up-to-date bubble analysis. For moderate feedback levels, we find that L clumps exist with circular velocities $\sim 50km{s}^{-1}$ and masses $\ge 10^8{M}_{\odot }$. They are likely in galaxies with circular velocities $\ge 200km{s}^{-1}$, consistent at $z\sim 2$ with the favored stellar mass for discs, $\ge 10^{9.3}{M}_{\odot }$. L clumps favor disc gas fractions $\ge 0.3$, low-mass bulges and redshifts $z\sim 2$. The likelihood of L clumps is reduced if the feedback is more ejective, e.g., if the supernovae are optimally clustered, if radiative feedback is very strong, if the stellar initial mass function is top-heavy, or if the star-formation-rate efficiency is particularly high. A sub-type of L clumps (LS), which lose their gas in several free-fall times but retain bound stellar components, may be explained by a smaller contraction factor and stronger external gravitational effects, where clump mergers increase the SFR efficiency. The more massive L clumps (LL) retain most of their baryons for tens of free-fall times with a roughly constant star-formation rate.

arXiv comment26 pages, 14 figures

References in corpus (71)

• Galaxy Bimodality due to Cold Flows and Shock Heating
• UniverseMachine: The Correlation between Galaxy Growth and Dark Matter Halo Assembly from z=0-10
• Formation of Massive Galaxies at High Redshift: Cold Streams, Clumpy Disks and Compact Spheroids
• High molecular gas fractions in normal massive star forming galaxies in the young Universe
• PHIBSS: molecular gas content and scaling relations in z~1-3 normal star forming galaxies
• Very High Gas Fractions and Extended Gas Reservoirs in z=1.5 Disk Galaxies
• Adaptive Refinement Tree - a new high-resolution N-body code for cosmological simulations
• The SINS survey of z~2 galaxy kinematics: properties of the giant star forming clumps
• PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
• From rings to bulges: evidence for rapid secular galaxy evolution at z~2 from integral field spectroscopy in the SINS survey
• Compaction and Quenching of High-z Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations: Blue and Red Nuggets
• Stellar Feedback in Galaxies and the Origin of Galaxy-scale Winds
• A Universal, Local Star Formation Law in Galactic Clouds, Nearby Galaxies, High-Redshift Disks, and Starbursts
• Wet Disc Contraction to Galactic Blue Nuggets and Quenching to Red Nuggets
• SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy of z~2 UV-selected Galaxies: Rotation Curves and Dynamical Evolution
• The rapid formation a large rotating disk galaxy three billion years after the Big Bang
• The Disruption of Giant Molecular Clouds by Radiation Pressure and the Efficiency of Star Formation in Galaxies
• Rapid formation of exponential disks and bulges at high redshift from the dynamical evolution of clump cluster and chain galaxies
• EMERGE - An empirical model for the formation of galaxies since $z\sim 10$
• Momentum Injection by Supernovae in the Interstellar Medium
• Early Evolution of Disk Galaxies : Formation of Bulges in Clumpy Young Galactic Disks
• The Confinement of Star-Forming Galaxies into a Main Sequence through Episodes of Gas Compaction, Depletion, and Replenishment
• Maximally Star-Forming Galactic Disks I. Starburst Regulation Via Feedback-Driven Turbulence
• A Unified Model for Galactic Discs: Star Formation, Turbulence Driving, and Mass Transport
• The role of stellar feedback in the formation of galaxies
• Evolution of Density Profiles in High-z Galaxies: Compaction and Quenching Inside-Out
• High-redshift clumpy discs and bulges in cosmological simulations
• Stellar Populations in Ten Clump-Cluster Galaxies of the Ultra Deep Field
• On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation
• Gas Physics, Disk Fragmentation, and Bulge Formation in Young Galaxies
• The Galaxy-Halo Connection Over The Last 13.3 Gyrs
• Clumpy Galaxies in CANDELS. I. The Definition of UV Clumps and the Fraction of Clumpy Galaxies at 0.5<z<3
• The SINS/zC-SINF survey of z~2 galaxy kinematics: SINFONI adaptive optics-assisted data and kiloparsec-scale emission line properties
• Disk formation and the origin of clumpy galaxies at high redshift
• Radiative feedback and the low efficiency of galaxy formation in low-mass haloes at high redshift
• Direct Numerical Simulation of Radiation Pressure-Driven Turbulence and Winds in Star Clusters and Galactic Disks
• The SINS/zC-SINF survey of z~2 galaxy kinematics: evidence for gravitational quenching
• Short-lived star-forming giant clumps in cosmological simulations of z~2 disks
• Multi-Wavelength View of Kiloparsec-Scale Clumps in Star-Forming Galaxies at z~2
• The Population of Giant Clumps in Simulated High-z Galaxies: In-situ and Ex-situ, Migration and Survival
• Rotational Support of Giant Clumps in High-z Disc Galaxies
• Giant Clumps in Simulated High-z Galaxies: Properties, Evolution and Dependence on Feedback
• Balance among gravitational instability, star formation, and accretion determines the structure and evolution of disk galaxies
• Sub-Galactic Clumps at High Redshift: A Fragmentation Origin?
• Enhanced Momentum Feedback from Clustered Supernovae
• On the Dynamics and Evolution of Gravitational Instability-Dominated Disks
• Numerical Simulations of Radiatively-Driven Dusty Winds
• Evolving Gravitationally Unstable Disks Over Cosmic Time: Implications For Thick Disk Formation
• Giant clumps in the FIRE simulations: a case study of a massive high-redshift galaxy
• Clumpy Galaxies in CANDELS. II. Physical Properties of UV-bright Clumps at $0.5\le z<3$
• Non-linear violent disc instability with high Toomre's Q in high-redshift clumpy disc galaxies
• Steady Outflows in Giant Clumps of High-z Disk Galaxies During Migration and Growth by Accretion
• Survival of Star-Forming Giant Clumps in High-Redshift Galaxies
• Evolution of violent gravitational disc instability in galaxies: Late stabilization by transition from gas to stellar dominance
• Shocked Superwinds from the z~2 Clumpy Star-forming Galaxy, ZC406690
• Gas inflow and metallicity drops in star-forming galaxies
• Towards a resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt law at high redshift
• A mass threshold for galactic gas discs by spin flips
• Evolution of Galaxy Shapes from Prolate to Oblate through Compaction Events
• Star Formation and Clumps in Cosmological Galaxy Simulations with Radiation Pressure Feedback
• Formation of elongated galaxies with low masses at high redshift
• Connecting Clump Sizes in Turbulent Disk Galaxies to Instability Theory
• Stellar Masses of Giant Clumps in CANDELS and Simulated Galaxies Using Machine Learning
• Origin of Star-Forming Rings around Massive Centres in Massive Galaxies at $z<4$
• The role of gas fraction and feedback in the stability and evolution of galactic discs: implications for cosmological galaxy formation models
• Supernova rates from the SUDARE VST-Omegacam search II. Rates in a galaxy sample
• Formation and settling of a disc galaxy during the last 8 billion years in a cosmological simulation
• Velocities of warm galactic outflows from synthetic Hα observations of star-forming galaxies
• Evaluating Galaxy Dynamical Masses From Kinematics and Jeans Equilibrium in Simulations
• Non-equilibrium ionisation and radiative transport in an evolving supernova remnant
• The nature of giant clumps in high-z discs: a deep-learning comparison of simulations and observations

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Efficient Formation of Massive Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn by Feedback-Free Starbursts
• Growth of Massive Black-Holes in FFB Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn
• Effects of feedback on galaxies in the VELA simulations: elongation, clumps and compaction
• From giant clumps to clouds IV: extreme star-forming clumps on top of universal cloud scaling relations in gas-rich galaxies
• JWST and ALMA discern the assembly of structural and obscured components in a high-redshift starburst galaxy
• On the origin of compressive turbulence in protoclumps in high redshift disks