Anomalies in Physical Cosmology

Abstract

The $\Lambda$CDM cosmology passes demanding tests that establish it as a good approximation to reality. The theory is incomplete, of course, and open issues are being examined in active research programs. I offer a review of less widely discussed anomalies that might also point to hints to a still better cosmological theory if more closely examined.

A much revised and expanded version of lectures presented in 2021 and earlier and transcribed as arXiv:2106.02672

References in corpus (31)

• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
• Cosmic Star Formation History
• UV Star Formation Rates in the Local Universe
• Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation
• Challenges for $\Lambda$CDM: An update
• The Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey I: Design and First Results
• A Supermassive Black Hole in an Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxy
• HI holes and high-velocity clouds in the spiral galaxy NGC 6946
• Dipoles in the Sky
• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• The Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey. I. Substantial variation in the diffuse stellar halos around spiral galaxies
• Diverse Stellar Haloes in Nearby Milky Way-Mass Disc Galaxies
• Cosmological implications of the anisotropy of ten galaxy cluster scaling relations
• Are sterile neutrinos consistent with clusters, the CMB and MOND?
• The emptiness of voids: yet another over-abundance problem for the LCDM model
• Small scatter and nearly-isothermal mass profiles to four half-light radii from two-dimensional stellar dynamics of early-type galaxies
• Radio galaxies of the local universe: all-sky catalog, luminosity functions, and clustering
• The Void Phenomenon Explained
• Predictions and Outcomes for the Dynamics of Rotating Galaxies
• The Curious Case of ASASSN-20hx: A Slowly-Evolving, UV and X-ray Luminous, Ambiguous Nuclear Transient
• Exploring the high-redshift PBH-$\Lambda$CDM Universe: early black hole seeding, the first stars and cosmic radiation backgrounds
• A new way to test the Cosmological Principle: measuring our peculiar velocity and the large scale anisotropy independently
• 2MTF IV. A bulk flow measurement of the local Universe
• Fundamental physics with ESPRESSO: Precise limit on variations in the fine-structure constant towards the bright quasar HE 0515$-$4414
• Galactic angular momentum in the IllustrisTNG simulation -- I. Connection to morphology, halo spin, and black hole mass
• Formation of the Large Nearby Galaxies
• The stellar velocity distribution function in the Milky Way galaxy
• MIGHTEE-HI: The relation between the HI gas in galaxies and the cosmic web
• Draining the Local Void
• The Extended Local Supercluster
• Goldstino Condensation?

Cited by in corpus (53)

• Breakdown of the Newton-Einstein Standard Gravity at Low Acceleration in Internal Dynamics of Wide Binary Stars
• Confronting fuzzy dark matter with the rotation curves of nearby dwarf irregular galaxies
• The Second Radio Synchrotron Background Workshop: Conference Summary and Report
• Transition dynamics in the ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{s}}$CDM model: Implications for bound cosmic structures
• Observational Constraints on Dynamical Dark Energy Models
• Distinguishing Dark Matter, Modified Gravity, and Modified Inertia with the Inner and Outer Parts of Galactic Rotation Curves
• The Cosmic Dipole in the Quaia Sample of Quasars: A Bayesian Analysis
• Supernovae evidence for foundational change to cosmological models
• Cosmological foundations revisited with Pantheon+
• Covariant cosmography: the observer-dependence of the Hubble parameter
• Velocity reconstruction in the era of DESI and Rubin (part I): Exploring spectroscopic, photometric & hybrid samples
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey : Constraints on the structure growth from cluster number counts
• Measuring kinematic anisotropies with pulsar timing arrays
• Linear matter density perturbations in the ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{s}}$CDM model: Examining growth dynamics and addressing the $S_8$ tension
• Tomographic redshift dipole: Testing the cosmological principle
• Exploring the effects of primordial non-Gaussianity at galactic scales
• Reconstructing the growth index $\gamma$ with Gaussian Processes
• The kinematic contribution to the cosmic number count dipole
• Hubble tension as a window on the gravitation of the dark matter sector: Exploration of a family of models
• Interacting Models of Dark Energy and Dark Matter in Einstein scalar Gauss Bonnet Gravity
• Cosmic dipole tensions: confronting the cosmic microwave background with infrared and radio populations of cosmological sources
• An Independent Measure of the Kinematic Dipole from SDSS
• Expanding covariant cosmography of the local Universe: incorporating the snap and axial symmetry
• On exotic objects made of dark energy and dark matter: Mass-to-radius profiles and tidal Love numbers
• asimulation: Domain formation and impact on observables in resolved cosmological simulations of the (a)symmetron
• Form Invariance of Raychaudhuri equation in the presence of Inflaton-type fields
• NEC violation in $f(\bar{R},\bar{T})$ gravity in the context of a non-canonical theory via modified Raychaudhuri equation
• Addressing the DESI DR2 Phantom-Crossing Anomaly and Enhanced $H_0$ Tension with Reconstructed Scalar-Tensor Gravity
• A test of invariance of dark matter halo surface density using multiwavelength mock galaxy catalogues
• On the convergence of cosmographic expansions in Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi models
• QCD axion dark matter and the cosmic dipole problem
• The Mystery of Alpha and the Isotopes
• Effect of Peak Absolute Magnitude of Type Ia Supernovae and Sound Horizon Values on Hubble Tension using DESI results
• Dark Matter-Electron Scattering Search Using Cryogenic Light Detectors
• Peculiar velocity effects on the Hubble constant from time-delay cosmography
• Revisiting the effect of lens mass models in cosmological applications of strong gravitational lensing
• Comparison of $\Lambda$CDM and $R_h=ct$ with updated galaxy cluster $f_{gas}$ measurements using Bayesian inference
• On the anisotropic distribution of clusters in the local Universe
• Cosmic QCD transition-from quark to strangeon and nucleon
• A test of invariance of halo surface density for FIRE-2 simulations with cold dark matter and self-interacting dark matter
• Measuring cosmic dipole with the GRB luminosity-time relation
• Dipole-independent measurements of nearly-zero CMB correlation: a possible symmetry of primordial causal quantum coherence
• Correlation of structure growth index with current cosmic acceleration: constraints on dark energy models
• The cosmological Mass Varying Neutrino model in the late universe
• Cosmological observational tests in the JWST Era. I: angular size - redshift
• Dynamics of Dwarf Galaxies in Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity
• New Approach to Unimodular Relativity
• Varying fundamental constants cosmography
• Non-parametric exploration of minimally coupled gravity with phantom crossing
• Testing Scale-Dependent Suppression of Structure Growth in the Linear Regime
• The Ellis and Baldwin test of the Cosmic Dipole: Exploring the impact of multiple flux density cuts
• Evolution of matter perturbations in the context of cosmic slowing down
• Background dynamics and observational constraints of flat and non-flat $\Lambda (t)$CDM models from $H(z)$ and DESI DR2 BAO measurements