Multiply lensed star forming clumps in the A521-sys1 galaxy at redshift 1

Abstract

We study the population of star-forming clumps in A521-sys1, a $\mathrm{z}=1.04$ system gravitationally lensed by the foreground ($\mathrm{z}=0.25$) cluster Abell 0521. The galaxy presents one complete counter--image with a mean magnification of $\mu \sim 4$ and a wide arc containing two partial images of A521-sys1 with magnifications reaching $\mu >20$, allowing the investigations of clumps down to scales of ${\mathrm{R}}_{\mathrm{eff}}<50$ pc. We identify 18 unique clumps with a total of 45 multiple images. Intrinsic sizes and UV magnitudes reveal clumps with elevated surface brightnesses, comparable to similar systems at redshifts $\mathrm{z}\gtrsim 1.0$. Such clumps account for $\sim 40\%$ of the galaxy UV luminosity, implying that a significant fraction of the recent star-formation activity is taking place there. Clump masses range from $10^6{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ to $10^9{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ and sizes from tens to hundreds of parsec, resulting in mass surface densities from $10$ to $10^3{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{c}}^{-2}$, with a median of $\sim 10^2{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{c}}^{-2}$. These properties suggest that we detect star formation taking place across a wide range of scale, from cluster aggregates to giant star-forming complexes. We find ages of less than $100$ Myr, consistent with clumps being observed close to their natal region. The lack of galactocentric trends with mass, mass density, or age and the lack of old migrated clumps can be explained either by dissolution of clumps after few $\sim 100$ Myr or by stellar evolution making them fall below the detectability limits of our data.

arXiv comment17 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables + appendix (6 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables). Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (99)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
• The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies
• Starburst99: Synthesis Models for Galaxies with Active Star Formation
• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• Star Formation in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• A Highly Consistent Framework for the Evolution of the Star-Forming "Main Sequence" from z~0-6
• Improving the full spectrum fitting method: accurate convolution with Gauss-Hermite functions
• SINGS: The SIRTF Nearby Galaxies Survey
• Using Strong Lines to Estimate Abundances in Extragalactic HII Regions and Starburst Galaxies
• Formation of Massive Galaxies at High Redshift: Cold Streams, Clumpy Disks and Compact Spheroids
• High molecular gas fractions in normal massive star forming galaxies in the young Universe
• PHIBSS: molecular gas content and scaling relations in z~1-3 normal star forming galaxies
• Very High Gas Fractions and Extended Gas Reservoirs in z=1.5 Disk Galaxies
• Multiple Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters
• Star Clusters Across Cosmic Time
• From rings to bulges: evidence for rapid secular galaxy evolution at z~2 from integral field spectroscopy in the SINS survey
• A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
• Combined CO & Dust Scaling Relations of Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions with Cosmic Time, Specific Star Formation Rate and Stellar Mass
• SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy of z~2 UV-selected Galaxies: Rotation Curves and Dynamical Evolution
• Optimization of Starburst99 for Intermediate-Age and Old Stellar Populations
• The rapid formation a large rotating disk galaxy three billion years after the Big Bang
• Rapid formation of exponential disks and bulges at high redshift from the dynamical evolution of clump cluster and chain galaxies
• Reionization after Planck: The Derived Growth of the Cosmic Ionizing Emissivity now matches the Growth of the Galaxy UV Luminosity Density
• Early Evolution of Disk Galaxies : Formation of Bulges in Clumpy Young Galactic Disks
• GOALS: The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey
• The thick disks of spiral galaxies as relics from gas-rich, turbulent, clumpy disks at high redshift
• Resolved Galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Star Formation in Disks at High Redshift
• Bulge Formation by the Coalescence of Giant Clumps in Primordial Disk Galaxies
• The spectral evolution of the first galaxies. I. James Webb Space Telescope detection limits and color criteria for population III galaxies
• The Structure of the Interstellar Medium of Star Forming Galaxies
• Constraints on the assembly and dynamics of galaxies. II. Properties of kiloparsec-scale clumps in rest-frame optical emission of z ~ 2 star-forming galaxies
• Kinemetry of SINS High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies: Distinguishing Rotating Disks from Major Mergers
• A Morphological Catalog of Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field
• Stellar Populations in Ten Clump-Cluster Galaxies of the Ultra Deep Field
• Gas Physics, Disk Fragmentation, and Bulge Formation in Young Galaxies
• Black Hole growth and AGN obscuration by instability-driven inflows in high-redshift disk galaxies fed by cold streams
• Bulge and Clump Evolution in Hubble Ultra Deep Field Clump Clusters, Chains and Spiral Galaxies
• Mass and magnification maps for the Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields clusters: implications for high redshift studies
• Faintest Galaxy Morphologies from $HST$ WFPC2 Imaging of the Hawaii Survey Fields
• The long lives of giant clumps and the birth of outflows in gas-rich galaxies at high redshift
• Resolved Spectroscopy of Gravitationally-Lensed Galaxies: Recovering Coherent Velocity Fields in Sub-Luminous z~2-3 Galaxies
• Paving the way for the JWST: witnessing globular cluster formation at z>3
• Galaxy Morphologies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Dominance of Linear Structures at the Detection Limit
• Multi-Wavelength View of Kiloparsec-Scale Clumps in Star-Forming Galaxies at z~2
• Constraints on the Assembly and Dynamics of Galaxies: I. Detailed Rest-frame Optical Morphologies on Kiloparsec-scale of z ~ 2 Star-forming Galaxies
• Resolved spectroscopy of gravitationally lensed galaxies: global dynamics and star-forming clumps on ~100pc scales
• The Population of Giant Clumps in Simulated High-z Galaxies: In-situ and Ex-situ, Migration and Survival
• LoCuSS: First Results from Strong-lensing Analysis of 20 Massive Galaxy Clusters at z~0.2
• Giant Clumps in Simulated High-z Galaxies: Properties, Evolution and Dependence on Feedback
• The distinction between star clusters and associations
• DYNAMO I: A Sample of Ha-Luminous Galaxies with Resolved Kinematics
• Gravitational lensing reveals ionizing ultraviolet photons escaping from a distant galaxy
• Sub-Galactic Clumps at High Redshift: A Fragmentation Origin?
• Simulations of supermassive black hole growth in high-redshift disk galaxies
• Giant clumps in the FIRE simulations: a case study of a massive high-redshift galaxy
• The Lyman-alpha Reference Sample: I. Survey outline and first results for Markarian 259
• Hubble Space Telescope H-alpha imaging of star-forming galaxies at z = 1-1.5: evolution in the size and luminosity of giant HII regions
• Scaling Relations of Star-Forming Regions: from kpc-size clumps to HII regions
• Massive Star cluster formation under the microscope at z=6
• The nature of giant clumps in distant galaxies probed by the anatomy of the Cosmic Snake
• Survival of Star-Forming Giant Clumps in High-Redshift Galaxies
• A Spatially Resolved Map of the Kinematics, Star-Formation and Stellar Mass Assembly in a Star-Forming Galaxy at z=4.9
• DYNAMO-HST Survey: Clumps in Nearby Massive Turbulent Disks and the Effects of Clump Clustering on Kiloparsec Scale Measurements of Clumps
• A lower fragmentation mass scale in high redshift galaxies and its implications on giant clumps: a systematic numerical study
• Molecular clouds in the Cosmic Snake normal star-forming galaxy 8 billion years ago
• High star cluster formation efficiency in the strongly lensed Sunburst Lyman-continuum galaxy at z=2.37
• Magnifying the early episodes of star formation: super star clusters at cosmological distances
• Effective Radii of Young, Massive Star Clusters in Two LEGUS Galaxies
• Radii of Young Star Clusters in Nearby Galaxies
• Resolved Spectroscopy of a Gravitationally Lensed L* Lyman-break Galaxy at z~5
• Star Formation at z=2.481 in the Lensed Galaxy SDSS J1110+6459: Star Formation down to 30 parsec scales
• Old and young bulges in late-type disk galaxies
• Mass Transport and Turbulence in Gravitationally Unstable Disk Galaxies II: The Effects of Star Formation Feedback
• Simulating galaxies in the reionization era with FIRE-2: morphologies and sizes
• The MUSE Deep Lensed Field on the Hubble Frontier Field MACS~J0416
• A contribution of star-forming clumps and accreting satellites to the mass assembly of z ~ 2 galaxies
• Modelling CO emission from hydrodynamic simulations of nearby spirals, starbursting mergers, and high-redshift galaxies
• An extremely young massive clump forming by gravitational collapse in a primordial galaxy
• Sizes and Shapes of Young Star Cluster Light Profiles in M83
• A Magnified View of the Kinematics and Morphology of RCSGA 032727-132609: Zooming in on a Merger at z=1.7
• Connecting Clump Sizes in Turbulent Disk Galaxies to Instability Theory
• Physical Properties of Sub-galactic Clumps at 0.5 $\le z\le$ 1.5 in the UVUDF
• High resolution study of the cluster complexes in a lensed spiral at redshift ~1.5; constraints on the bulge formation and disk evolution
• Kinematics, Turbulence and Star Formation of z ~1 Strongly Lensed Galaxies seen with MUSE
• Clumpy galaxies seen in H-alpha: inflated observed clump properties due to limited spatial resolution and sensitivity
• Super star cluster feedback driving ionization, shocks and outflows in the halo of the nearby starburst ESO 338-IG04
• The KMOS${}^{3D}$ Survey: rotating compact star forming galaxies and the decomposition of integrated line widths
• Star-forming Clumps in Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies
• From giant clumps to clouds I: the impact of gas fraction evolution on the stability of galactic discs
• VLT/MUSE view of the highly ionized outflow cones in the nearby starburst ESO338-IG04
• Star-forming clumps in the Lyman Alpha Reference Sample of galaxies -- I. Photometric analysis and clumpiness
• IROCKS: Spatially resolved kinematics of z~1 star forming galaxies
• MUSE Illuminates Channels for Lyman Continuum Escape in the Halo of SBS 0335-52E
• Towards sub-kpc scale kinematics of molecular and ionized gas of star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 1$
• Origin of Giant Stellar Clumps in High-Redshift Galaxies
• Which Milky Way masses are consistent with the slightly declining 5-25 kpc rotation curve?

Cited by in corpus (13)

• JWST/NIRCam Probes Young Star Clusters in the Reionization Era Sunrise Arc
• Star formation at the smallest scales; A JWST study of the clump populations in SMACS0723
• Extreme N-emitters at high-redshift: signatures of supermassive stars and globular cluster or black hole formation in action?
• Molecular gas cloud properties at $z\simeq 1$ revealed by the superb angular resolution achieved with ALMA and gravitational lensing
• Anatomy of a z=6 Lyman-α emitter down to parsec scales: extreme UV slopes, metal-poor regions and possibly leaking star clusters
• Fraction of Clumpy Star-Forming Galaxies at $0.5\le z\le 3$ in UVCANDELS: Dependence on Stellar Mass and Environment
• Clumpy star formation and an obscured nuclear starburst in the luminous dusty z=4 galaxy GN20 seen by MIRI/JWST
• Clumps as multiscale structures in cosmic noon galaxies
• From giant clumps to clouds IV: extreme star-forming clumps on top of universal cloud scaling relations in gas-rich galaxies
• Witnessing an extreme, highly efficient galaxy formation mode with resolved Ly$\alpha$ and LyC emission
• Reconstructing the extended structure of multiple sources strongly lensed by the ultra-massive elliptical galaxy SDSS J0100+1818
• Through Thick and Thin: The Cosmic Evolution of Disk Scale Height
• Time to Sparkler. Accurate ages of lensed globular clusters at $z=1.4$ with JWST photometry