Giant modulation of optical nonlinearity by Floquet engineering

Abstract

Strong periodic driving with light offers the potential to coherently manipulate the properties of quantum materials on ultrafast timescales. Recently, strategies have emerged to drastically alter electronic and magnetic properties by optically inducing non-trivial band topologies, emergent spin interactions and even superconductivity. However, the prospects and methods of coherently engineering optical properties on demand are far less understood. Here we demonstrate coherent control and giant modulation of optical nonlinearity in a van der Waals layered magnetic insulator, manganese phosphorus trisulfide (MnPS${}_3$). By driving far off-resonance from the lowest on-site manganese $d$-$d$ transition, we observe a coherent on-off switching of its optical second harmonic generation efficiency on the timescale of 100 femtoseconds with no measurable dissipation. At driving electric fields of the order of 10${}^9$ volts per metre, the on-off ratio exceeds 10, which is limited only by the sample damage threshold. Floquet theory calculations based on a single-ion model of MnPS${}_3$ are able to reproduce the measured driving field amplitude and polarization dependence of the effect. Our approach can be applied to a broad range of insulating materials and could lead to dynamically designed nonlinear optical elements.

arXiv comment5 pages main text, 4 figures, 22 pages supplementary information

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Cited by in corpus (56)

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• Controlling the magnetic state of the proximate quantum spin liquid $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ with an optical cavity
• Inverse Faraday effect in Mott insulators
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• Optical Control of Slow Topological Electrons in Moiré Systems
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• Floquet-Volkov interference in a semiconductor
• Quantum control of Hubbard excitons
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• Phonon state tomography of electron correlation dynamics in optically excited solids
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• Dynamical Approach to Realize Room-Temperature Superconductivity in LaH${}_{10}$
• Floquet engineering of effective pairing interactions in a doped band insulator
• A versatile setup for symmetry-resolved ultrafast dynamics of quantum materials
• Optical control of electrons in a Floquet topological insulator
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• Non-Hermitian Floquet dynamics in absorption spectroscopy
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