The first hard X-ray spectral catalogue of Blazars observed by NuSTAR

Abstract

Blazars are a peculiar class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that enlighten the sky at all wavelengths. The electromagnetic emission of these sources is jet-dominated resulting in a spectral energy distribution (SED) that has a typical double-humped shape. X-ray photons provide a wealth of information on the physics of each source as in the X-ray band we can observe the tail of SED first peak, the rise of the second one or the transition between the two. NuSTAR, thanks to its capability of focusing X-rays up to 79 keV provides broadband data particularly suitable to compute SEDs in a still poorly explored part of the spectrum. In the context of the Open Universe initiative we developed a dedicated pipeline, NuSTAR_Spectra, a shell-script that automatically downloads data from the archive, generates scientific products and carries out a complete spectral analysis. The script homogeneously extracts high level scientific products for both NuSTAR's telescopes and the spectral characterisation is performed testing two phenomenological models. The corresponding X-ray properties are derived from the data best-fit and the SEDs are also computed. The systematic processing of all blazar observations of the NuSTAR public archive allowed us to release the first hard X-ray spectroscopic catalogue of blazars (NuBlazar). The catalogue, updated to September 30th, 2021, includes 253 observations of 126 distinct blazars, 30 of which have been multiply observed.

Manuscript accepted for publication in MNRAS. 29 pages, 19 figures and 3 tables

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• Modeling the time variable spectral energy distribution of the blazar CTA 102 from 2008 to 2022
• Origin of multiwavelength emission from flaring high redshift blazar PKS 0537-286
• A new look at the extragalactic Very High Energy sky: searching for TeV-emitting candidates among the X-ray bright, non-Fermi detected blazar population
• 1FLAT: a Firmamento-based catalog of AGN in Fermi-LAT high Galactic latitude γ-ray sources
• A precessing jet from a supermassive black hole: multi-wavelength observations of S5 1044+71
• Constraining the synchrotron peak and estimating the VHE brightness of a sample of extreme high synchrotron peak blazars