The Nature of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey

Abstract

We present the statistical redshift distribution of a large sample of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies identified in the first 200 deg${}^2$ of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey Program. Through cross-correlation with the NASA-SDSS Atlas, we find that the majority of objects lie within z<0.15 or ~ 500 Mpc, yielding a mass range of $M_{\ast }$ ~ $10^7-10^9$ M_sun and size range of $r_{\mathrm{eff},\mathrm{g}}$ ~ 1-8 kpc. We find a peak in the distance distribution within 100 Mpc, corresponding mostly to ~ $10^7$ M_sun galaxies that fall on the known mass-size relation. There is also a tail in the redshift distribution out to z~0.15, comprising more massive ($M_{\ast }=10^8-10^9$ M_sun) galaxies at the larger end of our size range. We see tentative evidence that at the higher-mass end ($M_{\ast }>10^8$ M_sun) the LSB galaxies do not form a smooth extension of the mass-size relation of higher surface brightness galaxies, perhaps suggesting that the LSB galaxy population is distinct in its formation path.

15 pages, 6 figures, resubmitted to ApJ after review

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