Proton-Electron Mass Ratio from Laser Spectroscopy of HD${}^{+}$ at the Part-Per-Trillion Level

Abstract

Accepted values of the masses of several subatomic particles have been under debate since recent measurements in Penning traps produced more precise yet incompatible results, implying possible inconsistencies in closely related physical constants like the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios. These quantities also influence the predicted vibrational spectrum of the deuterated molecular hydrogen ion in its electronic ground state, of which we measured the v=0 - 9 overtone transition frequency with an uncertainty of 2.9 parts-per-trillion through Doppler-free two-photon laser spectroscopy. Leveraging high-precision ab initio calculations we convert our measurement to tight constraints on the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios, consistent with the most recent Penning-trap determinations of these quantities, and yielding a new value of the proton-electron mass ratio with an unprecedented precision of 21 parts-per-trillion.

References in corpus (5)

• The static and dynamic polarisability, and the Stark and black-body radiation frequency shifts of the molecular hydrogen ions H2+, HD+, and D2+
• High-precision mass spectrometer for light ions
• NRQED approach to the fine and hyperfine structure corrections of order $m{\alpha }^6$ and $m{\alpha }^6(m/M)$ -- Application to the hydrogen atom
• High-precision spectroscopy of the HD+ molecule at the 1-p.p.b. level
• Proton-electron mass ratio from HD${}^{+}$ revisited

Cited by in corpus (50)

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• Penning-Trap Mass Measurement of Helium-4
• Rotational spectroscopy of a single molecular ion at sub part-per-trillion resolution
• Trapping and Ground-State Cooling of a Single H${}_2^{+}$
• Higher-order corrections to spin-orbit and spin-spin tensor interactions in hydrogen molecular ions: theory and application to H${}_2^{+}$
• Quantum state tracking and control of a single molecular ion in a thermal environment
• Higher-order QED corrections to the hyperfine splitting in ${}^3$He
• Solution of the two-center Dirac equation with 20 digits precision using the finite-element technique
• High-precision solution of the Dirac Equation for the hydrogen molecular ion using a basis-set expansion
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• Prospects for the determination of fundamental constants with beyond-state-of-the-art uncertainty using molecular hydrogen ion spectroscopy
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• Crisis and catharsis in atomic physics
• Sub-part-per-trillion test of the Standard Model with atomic hydrogen
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• Precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen molecular ions: present status of theory and experiment
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• Proposal for suppressing ac Stark shift in the He($2{}^3{S}_1\to 3{}^3{S}_1$) two-photon transition using magic wavelengths
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• Precise Determination of Excited State Rotational Constants and Black-Body Thermometry in Coulomb Crystals of Ca${}^{+}$ and CaH${}^{+}$
• Ro-vibrational spin-averaged transitions in the hydrogen molecular ions
• Laser Excitation of Muonic 1S Hydrogen Hyperfine Transition: Effects of Multi-pass Cell Interference
• State-Selective Ionization and Trapping of Single H${}_2^{+}$ Ions with (2+1) Multiphoton Ionization
• QED corrections of orders $m{\alpha }^6$ and $m{\alpha }^6(m/M)$ for HD${}^{+}$ rovibrational transitions beyond Born-Oppenheimer approximation
• Fitting for the energy levels of hydrogen