Measurement of beauty-strange meson production in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV via non-prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons

Abstract

The production yields of non-prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons, namely ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons from beauty-hadron decays, were measured for the first time as a function of the transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) at midrapidity ($|y|<0.5$) in central and semi-central Pb$-$Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons and their charge conjugates were reconstructed from the hadronic decay channel ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}\to \varphi {\pi }^{+}$, with $\varphi \to {\mathrm{K}}^{-}{\mathrm{K}}^{+}$, in the $4<p_{\mathrm{T}}<36$ GeV/$c$ and $2<p_{\mathrm{T}}<24$ GeV/$c$ intervals for the 0$-$10% and 30$-$50% centrality classes, respectively. The measured yields of non-prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons are compared to those of prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ and non-prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ mesons by calculating the ratios of the production yields in Pb$-$Pb collisions and the nuclear modification factor $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$. The ratio between the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of non-prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ and prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ mesons, and that between the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of non-prompt ${{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}}^{+}$ and non-prompt ${\mathrm{D}}^0$ mesons in central Pb$-$Pb collisions are found to be on average higher than unity in the $4<p_{\mathrm{T}}<12$ GeV/$c$ interval with a statistical significance of about $1.6\sigma$ and $1.7\sigma$, respectively. The measured $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ ratios are compared with the predictions of theoretical models of heavy-quark transport in a hydrodynamically expanding QGP that incorporate hadronisation via quark recombination.

25 pages, 7 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 20, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/7853

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• Towards the understanding of heavy quarks hadronization: from leptonic to heavy-ion collisions
• A machine learning-based study of open-charm hadrons in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
• In-medium mass shift of two-flavored heavy mesons, $B_c$, $B_c^{\ast }$, $B_s$, $B_s^{\ast }$, $D_s$ and $D_s^{\ast }$
• Production of leptons from decay of heavy-flavor hadrons in high-energy nuclear collisions