Collectivity in Ultra-Peripheral Pb+Pb Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

We present the first full (3+1)D dynamical simulations of ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Extrapolating from p+Pb collisions, we explore whether a quasi-real photon ${\gamma }^{\ast }$ interacting with the lead nucleus in an ultra-peripheral collision can create a many-body system exhibiting fluid behavior. Assuming strong final-state interactions, we provide model results for charged hadron multiplicity, identified particle mean transverse momenta, and charged hadron anisotropic flow coefficients, and compare them with experimental data from the ALICE and ATLAS collaborations. The elliptic flow hierarchy between p+Pb and ${\gamma }^{\ast }$+Pb collisions is dominated by the difference in longitudinal flow decorrelations and reproduces the experimental data well. We have demonstrated that our theoretical framework provides a quantitative tool to study particle production and collectivity for all system sizes, ranging from central heavy-ion collisions to small asymmetric collision systems at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider and even at the future Electron-Ion Collider.

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Cited by in corpus (16)

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• Search for baryon junctions in photonuclear processes and isobar collisions at RHIC
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• Disentangling the development of collective flow in high energy proton proton collisions with a multiphase transport model
• Measurements of long-range two-particle correlation over a wide pseudorapidity range in p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Charged-hadron and identified-hadron ($K_{\mathrm{S}}^0$, $\Lambda$, ${\Xi }^{-}$) yield measurements in photo-nuclear Pb+Pb and $p$+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with ATLAS
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• Fermi-liquid view of viscosity in cold and dense nucleon matter
• Suppression of elliptic anisotropy inside jets: A new perspective for jet quenching
• Exploring parameter dependence of heavy-flavor dynamics in small collision systems