Nodal Precession and Tidal Evolution of Two Hot-Jupiters: WASP-33 b and KELT-9 b

Abstract

Hot Jupiters orbiting rapidly rotating stars on inclined orbits undergo tidally induced nodal precession measurable over several years of observations. The Hot Jupiters WASP-33 b and KELT-9 b are particularly interesting targets as they are among the hottest planets found to date, orbiting relatively massive stars. Here, we analyze archival and new data that span 11 and 5 years for WASP-33 b and KELT-9 b, respectively, in order to to model and improve upon their tidal precession parameters. Our work confirms the nodal precession for WASP-33 b and presents the first clear detection of the precession of KELT-9 b. We determine that WASP-33 and KELT-9 have gravitational quadrupole moments $(6.3_{-0.8}^{+1.2})\times 10^{-5}$ and $(3.26_{-0.80}^{+0.93})\times 10^{-4}$, respectively. We estimate the planets' precession periods to be $1460_{-130}^{+170}$ years and $890_{-140}^{+200}$ years, respectively, and that they will cease to transit their host stars around the years $2090_{-10}^{+17}$~CE and $2074_{-10}^{+12}$~CE, respectively. Additionally, we investigate both planets' tidal and orbital evolution, suggesting that a high-eccentricity tidal migration scenario is possible to produce both system architectures and that they will most likely not be engulfed by their hosts before the end of their main sequence lifetimes.

arXiv comment14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (41)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• X-ray spectral modelling of the AGN obscuring region in the CDFS: Bayesian model selection and catalogue
• Planet Occurrence within 0.25 AU of Solar-type Stars from Kepler
• Models of Stars, Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets
• The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems
• The Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Effect and Its Applications
• Obliquities of Hot Jupiter host stars: Evidence for tidal interactions and primordial misalignments
• Hot Jupiters from Secular Planet--Planet Interactions
• Formation of Hot Planets by a combination of planet scattering, tidal circularization, and Kozai mechanism
• Tidal dissipation in stars and giant planets
• Evolution in Binary and Triple Stars, with an application to SS Lac
• Secular Dynamics in Hierarchical Three-Body Systems
• The Equilibrium-Tide Model for Tidal Friction
• Least squares deconvolution of the stellar intensity and polarization spectra
• Line-profile tomography of exoplanet transits -- II. A gas-giant planet transiting a rapidly-rotating A5 star
• On the Formation of Hot Jupiters in Stellar Binaries
• A giant planet undergoing extreme ultraviolet irradiation by its hot massive-star host
• Precise Radial Velocities of Giant Stars VII. Occurrence Rate of Giant Extrasolar Planets as a Function of Mass and Metallicity
• A spectral survey of an ultra-hot Jupiter: Detection of metals in the transmission spectrum of KELT-9 b
• Improved Modeling of the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect for Transiting Exoplanets
• PEPSI: The high-resolution echelle spectrograph and polarimeter for the Large Binocular Telescope
• Massive star models with magnetic braking
• Ionized calcium in the atmospheres of two ultra-hot exoplanets WASP-33b and KELT-9b
• Atmospheric dynamics and the variable transit of KELT-9 b
• Measurement of the Nodal Precession of WASP-33 b via Doppler Tomography
• Substellar-Mass Companions to the K-Giants HD 240237, BD +48 738 and HD 96127
• Measurement of Spin-Orbit Misalignment and Nodal Precession for the Planet around Pre-Main-Sequence Star PTFO 8-8695 From Gravity Darkening
• Planetary-mass companions to the K-giants BD+15 2940 and HD 233604
• Exploring the atmospheric dynamics of the extreme ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b using TESS photometry
• KELT-9 b's Asymmetric TESS Transit Caused by Rapid Stellar Rotation and Spin-Orbit Misalignment
• Pulsation analysis and its impact on primary transit modeling in WASP-33
• Time-resolved rotational velocities in the upper atmosphere of WASP-33 b
• Accurate characterization of the stellar and orbital parameters of the exoplanetary system WASP-33 b from orbital dynamics
• Three red giants with substellar-mass companions
• Tidal Circularization of Binaries by Resonance Locking I: The Importance of the Pre-Main-Sequence
• Variable and super-sonic winds in the atmosphere of an ultra-hot giant planet
• TAPAS IV. TYC 3667-1280-1 b - the most massive red giant star hosting a warm Jupiter
• The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XXXI. The WASP-33 system revisited with HARPS-N
• Doppler Tomographic Measurement of the Nodal Precession of WASP-33b
• KELT-9 as an eclipsing double-lined spectroscopic binary: a unique and self-consistent solution to the system
• EPIC 203868608: A low-mass quadruple star system in the Upper Scorpius OB association

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Stellar obliquities in exoplanetary systems
• The GAPS Programme at TNG. XLI. The climate of KELT-9b revealed with a new approach to high spectral resolution phase curves
• DREAM II. The spin-orbit angle distribution of close-in exoplanets under the lens of tides
• Keck/KPIC Emission Spectroscopy of WASP-33b
• Examining the orbital decay targets KELT-9 b, KELT-16 b and WASP-4 b, and the transit-timing variations of HD 97658 b
• The phase curve of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-167b as seen by TESS
• PEPSI Investigation, Retrieval, and Atlas of Numerous Giant Atmospheres (PIRANGA). III. Composition and winds in the atmosphere of TOI-1518 b
• The low density, hot Jupiter TOI-640 b is on a polar orbit
• True spin-orbit obliquities distribution: data-driven confirmation of no clustering of misaligned planets
• CHEOPS observations confirm nodal precession in the WASP-33 system
• Exoplanet Nodal Precession Induced by Rapidly Rotating Stars: Impacts on Transit Probabilities and Biases
• Thermal emission spectra of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-33 b
• TESS phase curve of ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-189 b