Streaming instabilities in accreting and magnetized laminar protoplanetary disks

Abstract

The streaming instability is one of the most promising pathways to the formation of planetesimals from pebbles. Understanding how this instability operates under realistic conditions expected in protoplanetary disks is therefore crucial to assess the efficiency of planet formation. Contemporary models of protoplanetary disks show that magnetic fields are key to driving gas accretion through large-scale, laminar magnetic stresses. However, the effect of such magnetic fields on the streaming instability has not been examined in detail. To this end, we study the stability of dusty, magnetized gas in a protoplanetary disk. We find the streaming instability can be enhanced by passive magnetic torques and even persist in the absence of a global radial pressure gradient. In this case, instability is attributed to the azimuthal drift between dust and gas, unlike the classical streaming instability, which is driven by radial drift. This suggests that the streaming instability can remain effective inside dust-trapping pressure bumps in accreting disks. When a live vertical field is considered, we find the magneto-rotational instability can be damped by dust feedback, while the classic streaming instability can be stabilized by magnetic perturbations. We also find that Alfvén waves can be destabilized by dust-gas drift, but this instability requires nearly ideal conditions. We discuss the possible implications of these results for dust dynamics and planetesimal formation in protoplanetary disks.

Accepted by ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (6)

• The coexistence of the streaming instability and the vertical shear instability in protoplanetary disks: Planetesimal formation thresholds explored in two-dimensional global models
• Instabilities in dusty non-isothermal proto-planetary discs
• Nonlinear evolution of streaming instabilities in accreting protoplanetary disks
• On Secular Gravitational Instability in Vertically Stratified Disks
• Streaming instabilities in accreting protoplanetary disks: A parameter study
• Dust Dynamics in Hall-effected Protoplanetary Disks. I. Background Drift Hall Instability