Calibrated decoders for experimental quantum error correction

Abstract

Arbitrarily long quantum computations require quantum memories that can be repeatedly measured without being corrupted. Here, we preserve the state of a quantum memory, notably with the additional use of flagged error events. All error events were extracted using fast, mid-circuit measurements and resets of the physical qubits. Among the error decoders we considered, we introduce a perfect matching decoder that was calibrated from measurements containing up to size-4 correlated events. To compare the decoders, we used a partial post-selection scheme shown to retain ten times more data than full post-selection. We observed logical errors per round of $2.2\pm 0.1\times 10^{-2}$ (decoded without post-selection) and $5.1\pm 0.7\times 10^{-4}$ (full post-selection), which was less than the physical measurement error of $7\times 10^{-3}$ and therefore surpasses a pseudo-threshold for repeated logical measurements.

16 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, for peer-review

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