Tracing the Milky Way's Vestigial Nuclear Jet

Abstract

MeerKAT radio continuum and XMM-Newton X-ray images have recently revealed a spectacular bipolar channel at the Galactic Center that spans several degrees ($\sim$0.5 kpc). An intermittent jet likely formed this channel and is consistent with earlier evidence of a sustained, Seyfert-level outburst fueled by black-hole accretion onto Sgr A${}^{\ast }$ several Myr ago. Therefore, to trace a now weak jet that perhaps penetrated, deflected, and percolated along multiple paths through the interstellar medium, relevant interactions are identified and quantified in archival X-ray images, Hubble Space Telescope Paschen $\alpha$ images and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array millimeter-wave spectra, and new SOAR telescope IR spectra. Hydrodynamical simulations are used to show how a currently weak jet can explain these structures and inflate the ROSAT/eROSITA X-ray and Fermi $\gamma$-ray bubbles that extend $\pm 75°$ from the Galactic plane. Thus, our Galactic outflow has features in common with energetic, jet-driven structures in the prototypical Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068.

arXiv comment30 pages, 32 figures in main text, 17 interactive figure and control Javascript in /anc subdirectory. Please retrieve paper with full resolution figures and interactive figure at http://physics.unc.edu/~cecil/MWjet; paper text and figures revised to agree with published version in the ApJ except somehow they managed to completely botch Fig 1 so the correct version is in this archive

References in corpus (82)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Binary companions of evolved stars in APOGEE DR14: Search method and catalog of ~5,000 companions
• The mass distribution and gravitational potential of the Milky Way
• Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?
• Chandra X-ray Spectroscopic Imaging of Sgr A* and the Central Parsec of the Galaxy
• The Two Young Star Disks in the Central Parsec of the Galaxy: Properties, Dynamics and Formation
• Filamentary structure of star-forming complexes
• The PLUTO Code for Adaptive Mesh Computations in Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics
• Detection of orbital motions near the last stable circular orbit of the massive black hole SgrA*
• Outflow Feedback Regulated Massive Star Formation in Parsec-Scale Cluster Forming Clumps
• The Spectrum and Morphology of the Fermi Bubbles
• The Large-scale Bipolar Wind in the Galactic Center
• Driving Outflows with Relativistic Jets and the Dependence of AGN Feedback Efficiency on ISM Inhomogeneity
• Line derived infrared extinction towards the Galactic Center
• Relativistic jet feedback III: feedback on gas disks
• Molecular gas kinematics within the central 250 pc of the Milky Way
• Detection of large-scale X-ray bubbles in the Milky Way halo
• An HLLC Riemann Solver for Relativistic Flows: I. Hydrodynamics
• Relativistic jet feedback in high-redshift galaxies I: Dynamics
• Relativistic Jet Feedback in Evolving Galaxies
• The Fermi Bubbles. I. Possible Evidence for Recent AGN Jet Activity in the Galaxy
• Stellar and wind properties of massive stars in the central parsec of the Galaxy
• Detection of the Intrinsic Size of Sagittarius A* through Closure Amplitude Imaging (includes Online Supporting Material)
• The Parsec-scale Radio Structure of NGC 1068 and the Nature of the Nuclear Radio Source
• Starburst-Driven Galactic Winds: Filament Formation and Emission Processes
• Properties of the Remnant Clockwise Disk of Young Stars in the Galactic Center
• Evidence for Low Black Hole Spin and Physically Motivated Accretion Models from Millimeter VLBI Observations of Sagittarius A*
• Interactions of a Light Hypersonic Jet with a Non-Uniform Interstellar Medium
• The COS/UVES Absorption Survey of the Magellanic Stream. III: Ionization, Total Mass, and Inflow Rate onto the Milky Way
• Effects of Pre-ionisation in Radiative Shocks I: Self-Consistent Models
• Inflation of 430-parsec bipolar radio bubbles in the Galactic Centre by an energetic event
• The Fermi Bubbles: Supersonic AGN Jets with Anisotropic Cosmic Ray Diffusion
• Dynamics of Ionized Gas at the Galactic Center: VLA Observations of the 3D Velocity Field and Location of the Ionized Streams in Sagittarius A West
• A Chandra X-ray Study of NGC 1068 - I. Observations of Extended Emission
• The Galactic Centre Chimney
• The Great Escape: Discovery of a nearby 1700 km/s star ejected from the Milky Way by Sgr A*
• The XMM-Newton view of the central degrees of the Milky Way
• The Size, Shape, and Scattering of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz: First VLBI with ALMA
• The importance of magnetic-field-oriented thermal conduction in the interaction of SNR shocks with interstellar clouds
• Simulations of the Milky Way's central molecular zone -- I. Gas dynamics
• The jet-ISM interactions in IC 5063
• Spatial Resolution of High-Velocity Filaments in the Narrow-Line Region of NGC 1068: Associated Absorbers Caught in Emission?
• Relativistic jet feedback II: Relationship to gigahertz peak spectrum and compact steep spectrum radio galaxies
• How to hide large scale outflows: size constraints on the jets of Sgr A*
• The Magnetohydrodynamics of Shock-Cloud Interaction in Three Dimensions
• HST Paschen-alpha Survey of the Galactic Center: Data Reduction and Products
• The First VERA Astrometry Catalog
• Evidence for Gamma-ray Jets in the Milky Way
• HST/NICMOS Paschen-alpha Survey of the Galactic Center: Overview
• Isolated Wolf-Rayet Stars and O Supergiants in the Galactic Center Region Identified via Paschen-alpha Excess
• Momentum Transfer by Astrophysical Jets
• The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo
• Traces of past activity in the Galactic Centre
• Surviving the hole I: Spatially resolved chemistry around Sgr A*
• Evidence for A Parsec-scale Jet from The Galactic Center Black Hole: Interaction with Local Gas
• A Cool Accretion Disk around the Galactic Centre Black Hole
• The large-scale ionization cones in the Galaxy
• S62 on a 9.9 yr Orbit around SgrA*
• Discovery of the recombining plasma in the south of the Galactic center; a relic of the past Galactic center activity?
• The Galactic center chimneys: The base of the multiphase outflow of the Milky Way
• Not that long time ago in the nearest galaxy: 3D slice of molecular gas revealed by a 110 years old flare of Sgr A*
• Misaligned streamers around a galactic centre black hole from a single cloud's infall
• Formation of the Hub-Filament System G33.92+0.11: Local Interplay between Gravity, Velocity, and Magnetic Field
• Simulating the Fermi Bubbles as Forward Shocks Driven by AGN Jets
• The Spiral Host Galaxy of the Double Radio Source 0313-192
• A New Perspective of the Radio Bright Zone at The Galactic Center: Feedback from Nuclear Activities
• Diffuse X-Ray Sky in the Galactic Center
• ALMA View of the Circum-nuclear Disk of the Galactic Center; Tidally-disrupted Molecular Clouds falling to the Galactic Center
• Multiwavelength observations of the black hole X-ray binary A0620-00 in quiescence
• An optical parsec-scale jet from a massive young star in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Microwave Intensity and Polarization Maps of the Galactic Center
• Molecular Gas Feeding the Circumnuclear Disk of the Galactic Center
• Tracing the Milky Way Nuclear Wind with 21cm Atomic Hydrogen Emission
• A Magnetic Field Connecting the Galactic Center Circumnuclear Disk with Streamers and Mini-spiral -Implications from 850 $\mu$m Polarization Data
• A Deep Chandra View of A Candidate Parsec-Scale Jet from the Galactic Center Super-massive Black Hole
• ALMA View of the Galactic Center Mini-spiral: Ionized Gas Flows around Sagittarius A*
• Kinematics of the Magellanic Stream and Implications for its Ionization
• High-speed molecular cloudlets around the Galactic Center supermassive black hole
• Discovery of High-Velocity H$\alpha$ Emission in the Direction of the Fermi Bubble
• The Fossil Nuclear Outflow in the Central 30 pc of the Galactic Center
• Upper Limit on Brackett-gamma Emission from the Immediate Accretion Flow onto the Galactic Black Hole
• Where is the Western Part of the Galactic Center Lobe Located really?

Cited by in corpus (11)

• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole
• Fermi and eRosita bubbles as relics of the past activity of the Galactic black hole
• Precession-induced Variability in AGN Jets and OJ 287
• Simulations of AGN Driven Galactic Outflow Morphology and Content
• Constraints on the Galactic Centre environment from Gaia hypervelocity stars II: The evolved population
• Misaligned jets from Sgr A${}^{\ast }$ and the origin of Fermi/eROSITA bubbles
• CO Emission Delineating the Interface between the Milky Way Nuclear Wind Cavity and the Gaseous Disk
• Evidence for powerful winds and the associated reverse shock as the origin of the Fermi bubbles
• The Discovery of an Active Wind from the Milky Way's Black Hole
• Preliminary Exploration of Areal Density of Angular Momentum for Spiral Galaxies
• Modelling observable signatures of jet-ISM interaction: thermal emission and gas kinematics