Extended Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Surrounding PSR J0622 + 3749 Observed by LHAASO-KM2A

Abstract

We report the discovery of an extended very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source around the location of the middle-aged (207.8 kyr) pulsar PSR J0622+3749 with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). The source is detected with a significance of $8.2\sigma$ for $E>25$~TeV assuming a Gaussian template. The best-fit location is (R.A., Dec.)$=(95^{\circ }.47\pm 0^{\circ }.11,37^{\circ }.92\pm 0^{\circ }.09)$, and the extension is $0^{\circ }.40\pm 0^{\circ }.07$. The energy spectrum can be described by a power-law spectrum with an index of $-2.92\pm 0.17_{\mathrm{stat}}\pm 0.02_{\mathrm{sys}}$. No clear extended multi-wavelength counterpart of the LHAASO source has been found from the radio to sub-TeV bands. The LHAASO observations are consistent with the scenario that VHE electrons escaped from the pulsar, diffused in the interstellar medium, and scattered the interstellar radiation field. If interpreted as the pulsar halo scenario, the diffusion coefficient, inferred for electrons with median energies of $\sim 160$~TeV, is consistent with those obtained from the extended halos around Geminga and Monogem and much smaller than that derived from cosmic ray secondaries. The LHAASO discovery of this source thus likely enriches the class of so-called pulsar halos and confirms that high-energy particles generally diffuse very slowly in the disturbed medium around pulsars.

References in corpus (9)

• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• The spectrum of isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission between 100 MeV and 820 GeV
• Extended gamma-ray sources around pulsars constrain the origin of the positron flux at Earth
• Anisotropy and Corotation of Galactic Cosmic Rays
• 3HWC: The Third HAWC Catalog of Very-High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources
• The observation of the Crab Nebula with LHAASO-KM2A for the performance study
• The WISE Blazar-Like Radio-Loud Sources: An All-Sky Catalog Of Candidate Gamma-Ray Blazars
• The low-frequency radio catalog of flat spectrum sources
• On the Gamma-Ray Nebula of Vela Pulsar. I. Very Slow Diffusion of Energetic Electrons within the TeV Nebula

Cited by in corpus (70)

• The First LHAASO Catalog of Gamma-Ray Sources
• Measurement of ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission of the Galactic plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A
• Gamma-ray halos around pulsars as the key to understanding cosmic ray transport in the Galaxy
• Self-Generated Cosmic-Ray Turbulence Can Explain the Morphology of TeV Halos
• Does the Geminga, Monogem and PSR J0622+3749 $\gamma$-ray halos imply slow diffusion around pulsars?
• Constraining positron emission from pulsar populations with AMS-02 data
• Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission from GeV to PeV energies in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
• The Physics of Pulsar Halos: Research Progress and Prospect
• Constraints on the spatially dependent cosmic-ray propagation model from Bayesian Analysis
• Are pulsar halos rare ?
• Anisotropic diffusion cannot explain TeV halo observations
• Interpretations of the cosmic ray secondary-to-primary ratios measured by DAMPE
• Population synthesis of pulsar wind nebulae and pulsar halos in the Milky Way -- Predicted contributions to the very-high-energy sky
• Slow diffusion is necessary to explain the gamma-ray pulsar halos
• TeV halos and the role of pulsar wind nebulae as sources of cosmic ray positrons
• HAWC Detection of a TeV Halo Candidate Surrounding a Radio-quiet pulsar
• Towards Bright Gamma-Ray Flash Generation From Tailored Target Irradiated by Multi-Petawatt Laser
• Gamma-Ray Flash in the Interaction of a Tightly Focused Single-Cycle Ultraintense Laser Pulse with a Solid Target
• Ultrahigh-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission from cosmic-ray interactions with medium surrounding acceleration sources
• Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
• The LHAASO PeVatron bright sky: what we learned
• Search for Extended Sources of Neutrino Emission in the Galactic Plane with IceCube
• Self-consistent interpretations of the multi-wavelength gamma-ray spectrum of LHAASO J0621$+$3755
• Geminga's pulsar halo: an X-ray view
• Gamma-ray halos around pulsars: impact on pulsar wind physics and galactic cosmic ray transport
• Detection prospects of very and ultra high-energy gamma rays from extended sources with ASTRI, CTA, and LHAASO
• Understanding the phase reversals of Galactic cosmic ray anisotropies
• Prospect of detecting TeV halos with LHAASO: in the framework of the anisotropic diffusion model
• Monte Carlo Study of Electron and Positron Cosmic-Ray Propagation with the CALET Spectrum
• A common origin of multi-messenger spectral anomaly of galactic cosmic rays
• Evidence of fresh cosmic ray in galactic plane based on DAMPE measurement of B/C and B/O ratios
• Features of the gamma-ray pulsar halo HESS J1831$-$098
• Effect of magnetic field correlation length on the gamma-ray pulsar halo morphology under anisotropic diffusion
• Constraining the slow-diffusion zone size and electron injection spectral index for the Geminga pulsar halo
• Disclosing the catalog pulsars dominating the Galactic positron flux
• Prospect of Detecting X-Ray Halos Around Middle-Aged Pulsars with eROSITA
• Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Large-scale anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays as a probe of local cosmic-ray propagation
• Constraints on the $e^{\pm }$ Pair Injection of Pulsar Halos: Implications from the Galactic Diffuse Multi-TeV Gamma-ray Emission
• Escape of cosmic rays from perpendicular shocks in the circumstellar magnetic field
• Absence of TeV halos around millisecond pulsars
• Extended TeV Halos May Commonly Exist around Middle-Aged Pulsars
• Galactic diffuse emission from radio to ultra-high-energy gamma rays in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
• A rigorous solution to the superluminal issue in the diffusion equation
• Anisotropic Diffusion of $e^{\pm }$ in Pulsar Halos over Multiple Coherence of Magnetic Fields
• On the origin of the X-ray emission surrounding PSR B0656+14 in the eROSITA Cal-PV data
• Discovery of an Extended $\gamma$-ray Emission around the Supernova Remnant Candidate associated with PSR J0837$-$2454
• Geminga contribution to the cosmic-ray positron excess according to the gamma-ray observations
• Detecting and characterizing pulsar haloes with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Could the TeV emission of starburst galaxies originate from pulsar wind nebulae?
• Ultra-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission associated with the tail of a bow-shock pulsar wind nebula
• Visualization of high-intensity laser-matter interactions in virtual reality and web browser
• The environment of TeV halo progenitors
• Reexamine the dark matter scenario accounting for the positron excess in a new cosmic ray propagation model
• Extended radio halo of the supernova remnant CTB87 (G74.9+1.2)
• Searching for TeV emission from LHAASO J0341+5258 with VERITAS and HAWC
• PHECT: A lightweight computation tool for pulsar halo emission
• Possible evidence for extended X-ray emission surrounding PSR B0656+14 with eROSITA
• New estimate for the contribution of the Geminga pulsar to the positron excess
• Possible spectral irregularities in the AMS-02 positron spectrum
• Mirage Sources and Large TeV Halo-Pulsar Offsets: Exploring the Parameter Space
• Collimated $\gamma$-flash emission along the target surface irradiated by a laser at non-grazing incidence
• Investigating the mysterious nature of 1LHAASO J1740+0948u through deep XMM-Newton observations
• Diagnosing Interstellar Magnetic Turbulence with TeV Pulsar Halos
• Self-confinement of relativistic pair beams in magnetized interstellar plasmas: the case of pulsar X-ray filaments
• Anisotropic Diffusion in Pulsar Halos: Interpreting the asymmetric morphology of Geminga and Monogem halos measured by HAWC
• Escape of cosmic rays from perpendicular shocks in the interstellar magnetic field
• Gamma-Ray Millisecond Pulsars: Off-pulse Emission Characteristics, Phase-Resolved Pseudo-Luminosity--Cutoff Energy Correlation, and High-energy Pulsed Emission
• The pulsar wind nebula around B1853+01 in X-rays
• Pulsars as candidates of LHAASO sources J2226+6057, J1908+0621 and J1825-1326: The leptonic origin