Asteroseismology of luminous red giants with Kepler. II. Dependence of mass loss on pulsations and radiation

Abstract

Mass loss by red giants is an important process to understand the final stages of stellar evolution and the chemical enrichment of the interstellar medium. Mass-loss rates are thought to be controlled by pulsation-enhanced dust-driven outflows. Here we investigate the relationships between mass loss, pulsations, and radiation, using 3213 luminous Kepler red giants and 135000 ASAS-SN semiregulars and Miras. Mass-loss rates are traced by infrared colours using 2MASS and WISE and by observed-to-model WISE fluxes, and are also estimated using dust mass-loss rates from literature assuming a typical gas-to-dust mass ratio of 400. To specify the pulsations, we extract the period and height of the highest peak in the power spectrum of oscillation. Absolute magnitudes are obtained from the 2MASS Ks band and the Gaia DR2 parallaxes. Our results follow. (i) Substantial mass loss sets in at pulsation periods above ~60 and ~100 days, corresponding to Asymptotic-Giant-Branch stars at the base of the period-luminosity sequences C' and C. (ii) The mass-loss rate starts to rapidly increase in semiregulars for which the luminosity is just above the Red-Giant-Branch tip and gradually plateaus to a level similar to that of Miras. (iii) The mass-loss rates in Miras do not depend on luminosity, consistent with pulsation-enhanced dust-driven winds. (iv) The accumulated mass loss on the Red Giant Branch consistent with asteroseismic predictions reduces the masses of red-clump stars by 6.3%, less than the typical uncertainty on their asteroseismic masses. Thus mass loss is currently not a limitation of stellar age estimates for galactic archaeology studies.

arXiv comment14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (56)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars I. Methods and general properties
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) 0: Methods for the construction of stellar isochrones
• The Man Behind the Curtain: X-rays Drive the UV through NIR Variability in the 2013 AGN Outburst in NGC 2617
• Estimating distances from parallaxes IV: Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia Data Release 2
• The All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) Light Curve Server v1.0
• SparsePak: A Formatted Fiber Field Unit for The WIYN Telescope Bench Spectrograph. I. Design, Construction, and Calibration
• The Fourth US Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC4)
• Kepler Input Catalog: Photometric Calibration and Stellar Classification
• Gaia Data Release 2: Photometric content and validation
• The Optical to Mid-Infrared Extinction Law Based on the APOGEE, Gaia DR2, Pan-STARRS1, SDSS, APASS, 2MASS and WISE Surveys
• Asteroseismology of old open clusters with Kepler: direct estimate of the integrated RGB mass loss in NGC6791 and NGC6819
• Revised Stellar Properties of Kepler Targets for the Q1-17 (DR25) Transit Detection Run
• Asteroseismology of 16000 Kepler Red Giants: Global Oscillation Parameters, Masses, and Radii
• The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars II: Uniform Classification of 412,000 Known Variables
• Luminosities and mass-loss rates of SMC and LMC AGB stars and Red Supergiants
• Confirming chemical clocks: asteroseismic age dissection of the Milky Way disk(s)
• The Mass-Loss Return From Evolved Stars to The Large Magellanic Cloud VI: Luminosities and Mass-Loss Rates on Population Scales
• Red variables in the OGLE-II database. I. Pulsations and period-luminosity relations below the tip of the Red Giant Branch of the LMC
• Dust driven mass loss from carbon stars as a function of stellar parameters - I. A grid of Solar-metallicity wind models
• The pulsation modes, masses and evolution of luminous red giants
• New observations and models of circumstellar CO line emission of AGB stars in the Herschel SUCCESS programme
• Non-radial oscillations in M-giant semi-regular variables: Stellar models and Kepler observations
• Giants in the globular cluster omega Centauri: dust production, mass loss and distance
• Period-luminosity relations in evolved red giants explained by solar-like oscillations
• The mass-loss return from evolved stars to the Large Magellanic Cloud V. The GRAMS carbon-star model grid
• Long Secondary Periods in Variable Red Giants
• Synthetic photometry for carbon-rich giants. IV. An extensive grid of dynamic atmosphere and wind models
• A new interpretation of the period-luminosity sequences of long-period variables
• Tracing the development of dust around evolved stars: The case of 47 Tuc
• Fundamental parameters, integrated RGB mass loss and dust production in the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tucanae
• The evolution of DARWIN: current status of wind models for AGB stars
• An extensive grid of DARWIN models for M-type AGB stars I. Mass-loss rates and other properties of dust-driven winds
• Stellar mass loss and the Intra-Cluster Medium in Galactic globular clusters: a deep radio survey for HI and OH
• Dust Production and Mass Loss in the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC 362
• Is Dust Forming on the Red Giant Branch in 47 Tuc?
• Asteroseismology of luminous red giants with Kepler I: Long Period Variables with radial and non-radial modes
• Period-luminosity relations of pulsating M giants in the solar neighbourhood and the Magellanic Clouds
• Variability of M giant stars based on Kepler photometry: general characteristics
• Pulsation-triggered mass loss from AGB stars: the 60-day critical period
• Pulsation-triggered dust production by asymptotic giant branch stars
• The VMC survey III. Mass-loss rates and luminosities of LMC AGB stars
• Nonlinear seismic scaling relations
• Spitzer spectra of evolved stars in omega Centauri and their low-metallicity dust production
• The onset of the AGB wind tied to a transition between sequences in the period-luminosity diagram
• An empirical mass-loss law for Population II giants from the Spitzer-IRAC survey of Galactic globular clusters
• A Word to the WISE: Confusion is Unavoidable for WISE-selected Infrared Excesses
• The VMC Survey -- XXXVII. Pulsation periods of dust enshrouded AGB stars in the Magellanic Clouds
• Mid-IR period-magnitude relations for AGB stars
• First detection of rotational CO line emission in an RGB star
• From Solar-like to Mira stars: a unifying description of stellar pulsators in the presence of stochastic noise
• Circumstellar CO in metal-poor stellar winds: the highly irradiated globular cluster star 47 Tucanae V3
• Circumstellar envelopes of semi-regular long-period variables: mass-loss rate estimates and general model-fitting of the molecular gas

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Gaia Data Release 3: Pulsations in main sequence OBAF-type stars
• Discovery of post-mass-transfer helium-burning red giants using asteroseismology
• The OGLE Collection of Variable Stars. Nearly 66,000 Mira stars in the Milky Way
• Cannibals in the thick disk II -- Radial-velocity monitoring of the young alpha-rich stars
• Revised extinctions and radii for 1.5 million stars observed by APOGEE, GALAH, and RAVE
• Multiwavelength properties of Miras
• The far side of the Galactic bar/bulge revealed through semi-regular variables
• Evidence that Mass Loss on the Red Giant Branch Decreases with Metallicity
• DUETS: Setting expectations for asteroseismic binaries and binary products with synthetic populations
• Characterising the AGB bump and its potential to constrain mixing processes in stellar interiors
• TESS Asteroseismic Analysis of HD 76920: The Giant Star Hosting An Extremely Eccentric Exoplanet
• A New Period Determination Method for Periodic Variable Stars
• Physical interpretation of the oscillation spectrum on the RGB and AGB