Hybrid microwave-optical scanning probe for addressing solid-state spins in nanophotonic cavities

Abstract

Spin-photon interfaces based on solid-state atomic defects have enabled a variety of key applications in quantum information processing. To maximize the light-matter coupling strength, defects are often placed inside nanoscale devices. Efficiently coupling light and microwave radiation into these structures is an experimental challenge, especially in cryogenic or high vacuum environments with limited sample access. In this work, we demonstrate a fiber-based scanning probe that simultaneously couples light into a planar photonic circuit and delivers high power microwaves for driving electron spin transitions. The optical portion achieves 46% one-way coupling efficiency, while the microwave portion supplies an AC magnetic field with strength up to 9 Gauss. The entire probe can be scanned across a large number of devices inside a ${}^3$He cryostat without free-space optical access. We demonstrate this technique with silicon nanophotonic circuits coupled to single Er${}^{3+}$ ions.

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single erbium ion in the solid state
• Cavity-coupled telecom atomic source in silicon
• Coherent control of a nuclear spin via interactions with a rare-earth ion in the solid-state
• Purcell enhancement of erbium ions in TiO${}_2$ on silicon nanocavities