Testing the black-hole area law with GW150914

Abstract

We present observational confirmation of Hawking's black-hole area theorem based on data from GW150914, finding agreement with the prediction with 97% (95%) probability when we model the ringdown including (excluding) overtones of the quadrupolar mode. We obtain this result from a new time-domain analysis of the pre- and postmerger data. We also confirm that the inspiral and ringdown portions of the signal are consistent with the same remnant mass and spin, in agreement with general relativity.

arXiv comment3 pages, 3 figures (journal version)

References in corpus (22)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• Tests of general relativity with GW150914
• Characterization of the LIGO detectors during their sixth science run
• Tests of General Relativity with the Binary Black Hole Signals from the LIGO-Virgo Catalog GWTC-1
• The Thermodynamics of Black Holes
• Open data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Surrogate models for precessing binary black hole simulations with unequal masses
• Testing the no-hair theorem with GW150914
• Black hole ringdown: the importance of overtones
• A Numerical Relativity Waveform Surrogate Model for Generically Precessing Binary Black Hole Mergers
• Observational Black Hole Spectroscopy: A time-domain multimode analysis of GW150914
• Testing general relativity using golden black-hole binaries
• Hunting for Dark Particles with Gravitational Waves
• High-accuracy mass, spin, and recoil predictions of generic black-hole merger remnants
• Testing general relativity using gravitational wave signals from the inspiral, merger and ringdown of binary black holes
• Ringdown overtones, black hole spectroscopy, and no-hair theorem tests
• Overtones or higher harmonics? Prospects for testing the no-hair theorem with gravitational wave detections
• Golden Binary Gravitational-Wave Sources: Robust Probes of Strong-Field Gravity
• Observational tests of the black hole area increase law
• Revisiting non-linearity in binary black hole mergers

Cited by in corpus (74)

• Agnostic black hole spectroscopy: Quasinormal mode content of numerical relativity waveforms and limits of validity of linear perturbation theory
• Dynamics of spontaneous black hole scalarization and mergers in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Gravitational wave signatures of black hole quasi-normal mode instability
• GW250114: testing Hawking's area law and the Kerr nature of black holes
• Extracting linear and nonlinear quasinormal modes from black hole merger simulations
• Searching for a Ringdown Overtone in GW150914
• Generation and propagation of nonlinear quasi-normal modes of a Schwarzschild black hole
• Quasinormal-mode filters: a new approach to analyze the gravitational-wave ringdown of binary black-hole mergers
• Nonlinear studies of binary black hole mergers in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Prospecting Black Hole Thermodynamics with Fractional Quantum Mechanics
• Energy scales and black hole pseudospectra: the structural role of the scalar product
• Pseudospectrum and binary black hole merger transients
• Nonlinear ringdown at the black hole horizon
• Challenges in Quasinormal Mode Extraction: Perspectives from Numerical solutions to the Teukolsky Equation
• Black hole spectroscopy horizons for current and future gravitational wave detectors
• Searching for ringdown higher modes with a numerical relativity-informed post-merger model
• Landscape of stellar-mass black-hole spectroscopy with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors
• GW190521: tracing imprints of spin-precession on the most massive black hole binary
• Frequency-Domain Analysis of Black-Hole Ringdowns
• Eikonal quasinormal modes and photon orbits of deformed Schwarzschild black holes
• How different connections in flat FLRW geometry impact energy conditions in $f(Q)$ theory?
• Parametrized Black Hole Quasinormal Ringdown Formalism for Higher Overtones
• The anti-aligned spin of GW191109: glitch mitigation and its implications
• Topology of Born-Infeld-AdS Black Hole Phase Transitions: Bulk and CFT Sides
• Model systematics in time domain tests of binary black hole evolution
• Effect of Noise Estimation in Time-Domain Ringdown Analysis: A Case Study with GW150914
• Analyzing black-hole ringdowns II: data conditioning
• Emergence of fractal cosmic space from fractional quantum gravity
• Quasi-Local Black Hole Horizons: Recent Advances
• Surprises in Lorentzian path-integral of Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Exploring the nature of black hole and gravity with an imminent merging binary of supermassive black holes
• Sky marginalization in black hole spectroscopy and tests of the area theorem
• On Black Hole Thermodynamics, Singularity, and Gravitational Entropy
• Quasinormal-modes of the Kerr-Newman black hole: GW150914 and fundamental physics implications
• Bumblebee gravity: spherically-symmetric solutions away from the potential minimum
• Reanalyzing the ringdown signal of GW150914 using the F-statistic method
• Constraining the topological Gauss-Bonnet coupling from GW150914
• Gravitational wave ringdown analysis using the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic
• Lorentzian Robin Universe of Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
• Multidimensional hierarchical tests of general relativity with gravitational waves
• Comparison between time-domain and frequency-domain Bayesian inferences to inspiral-merger-ringdown gravitational-wave signals
• Accelerating Tests of General Relativity with Gravitational-Wave Signals using Hybrid Sampling
• The irreducible mass and the horizon area of LIGO's black holes
• The quantum relative entropy of the Schwarzschild black-hole and the area law
• Hierarchical triple mergers: testing Hawking's area theorem with the inspiral signals
• Gravitational-wave memory effects in the Damour-Esposito-Farèse extension of Brans-Dicke theory
• Thermodynamic bounce effect in quantum BTZ black hole
• A Possible Quantum Gravity Hint in Binary Black Hole Merger
• Reconciling fractional entropy and black hole entropy compositions
• On light surfaces in black hole thermodynamics
• Aspects of Quantum Gravity Phenomenology and Astrophysics
• Verification of the Black Hole Area Law with GW230814
• Future Boundaries and the Black Hole Information Paradox
• Black-Hole Cartography
• The $D$-dimensional charged AdS black holes solutions in polytropic dark energy from Barrow entropy
• Mergers of hairy black holes: Constraining topological couplings from entropy
• Holographic vacuum energy regularization and corrected entropy of de Sitter space
• Can Neutron Star Tidal Effects Obscure Deviations from General Relativity?
• A practical Bayesian method for gravitational-wave ringdown analysis with multiple modes
• Quasinormal mode content of binary black hole ringdowns
• Quasinormal modes from numerical relativity with Bayesian inference
• A comprehensive look into the accuracy of SpEC binary black hole waveforms
• Probing chromatic onsets of gravitational wave overtones
• Applying higher-modes consistency test on GW190814 : lessons on no-hair theorem, nature of the secondary compact object and waveform modeling
• On the ease of excitation of black hole ringing: Quantifying the importance of overtones by the excitation factors
• Can Gravitational Wave Data Shed Light on Dark Matter Particles ?
• Hawking area law in quantum gravity
• AthenaK simulations of the binary black hole merger GW150914
• Measuring spin precession from massive black hole binaries with gravitational waves: insights from time-domain signal morphology
• Do gravitational waves confirm Hawking's area law?
• Ringdown mode amplitudes of charged binary black holes
• Resolving Degeneracies in Complex $\mathbb{R}\times S^3$ and $\theta$-KSW
• A method for statistical research on binary stars using radial velocities
• Testing the black hole area law with Event Horizon Telescope