Nonlinear ringdown at the black hole horizon
arXiv:2306.11142 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.231401
Abstract
The gravitational waves emitted by a perturbed black hole ringing down are well described by damped sinusoids, whose frequencies are those of quasinormal modes. Typically, first-order black hole perturbation theory is used to calculate these frequencies. Recently, it was shown that second-order effects are necessary in binary black hole merger simulations to model the gravitational-wave signal observed by a distant observer. Here, we show that the horizon of a newly formed black hole after the head-on collision of two black holes also shows evidence of non-linear modes. Specifically, we identify one quadratic mode for the shear data, and two quadratic ones for the data in simulations with varying mass ratio and boost parameter. The quadratic mode amplitudes display a quadratic relationship with the amplitudes of the linear modes that generate them.
arXiv commentVersion appeared in PRL. 14 pages, 15 figures
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