Measuring Parity Violation in the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with the LISA-Taiji network

Abstract

Parity violation is a powerful observable to distinguish a cosmological background of Gravitational Waves (GWs) from an astrophysical one. Planar single GW interferometers, both on ground and in space, are unable to measure the net circular polarization of an isotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB). In this paper, we explore the possibility of detecting circular polarization of an isotropic SGWB by cross-correlating two space-based detectors planned to be launched around 2034: LISA and Taiji. We compute the response of such a network to chirality and we perform a Fisher forecast analysis on the $I$ and $V$ Stokes parameters for the SGWB. We find that a clear measurement of chirality can be claimed for a maximally chiral signal with $h^2{\Omega }_{\mathrm{GW}}\simeq 10^{-12}$.

22 pages, 4 figures

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• Concepts and status of Chinese space gravitational wave detection projects
• The Gravitational-Wave Physics II: Progress
• Tracing Astrophysical Black Hole Seeds and Primordial Black Holes with LISA-Taiji Network
• Correlation of Gravitational Wave Background Noises and Statistical Loss for Angular Averaged Sensitivity Curves
• Alternative LISA-TAIJI networks: detectability of the isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background
• Correlation analysis for isotropic stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds with maximally allowed polarization degrees