Sensitivity to a Frequency-Dependent Circular Polarization in an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background

Abstract

We calculate the sensitivity to a circular polarization of an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (ISGWB) as a function of frequency for ground- and space-based interferometers and observations of the cosmic microwave background. The origin of a circularly polarized ISGWB may be due to exotic primordial physics (i.e., parity violation in the early universe) and may be strongly frequency dependent. We present calculations within a coherent framework which clarifies the basic requirements for sensitivity to circular polarization, in distinction from previous work which focused on each of these techniques separately. We find that the addition of an interferometer with the sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope in the southern hemisphere improves the sensitivity of the ground-based network to circular polarization by about a factor of two. The sensitivity curves presented in this paper make clear that the wide range in frequencies of current and planned observations ($10^{-18}\mathrm{Hz}\lesssim f\lesssim 100\mathrm{Hz}$) will be critical to determining the physics that underlies any positive detection of circular polarization in the ISGWB. We also identify a desert in circular polarization sensitivity for frequencies between $10^{-15}\mathrm{Hz}\lesssim f\lesssim 10^{-3}\mathrm{Hz}$, given the inability for pulsar timing arrays and indirect-detection methods to distinguish the gravitational wave polarization.

18 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome

References in corpus (48)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Gravitational Wave Experiments and Early Universe Cosmology
• Signature of Gravity Waves in Polarization of the Microwave Background
• A Probe of Primordial Gravity Waves and Vorticity
• Chern-Simons Modified General Relativity
• Beyond LISA: Exploring Future Gravitational Wave Missions
• Gauge Fields and Inflation
• Leptogenesis from Gravity Waves in Models of Inflation
• Naturally inflating on steep potentials through electromagnetic dissipation
• The Sensitivity of Ligo to a Stochastic Background, and its Dependance on the Detector Orientations
• Chiral Primordial Gravitational Waves from a Lifshitz Point
• Improved Calculation of the Primordial Gravitational Wave Spectrum in the Standard Model
• Chromo-Natural Inflation: Natural inflation on a steep potential with classical non-Abelian gauge fields
• Gravitational Radiation Detection with Laser Interferometry
• A new cosmic microwave background constraint to primordial gravitational waves
• Quantum Gravity, Torsion, Parity Violation and all that
• Gauge Fields and Inflation: Chiral Gravitational Waves, Fluctuations and the Lyth Bound
• Non-Gaussianities and chiral gravitational waves in natural steep inflation
• New constraints on primordial gravitational waves from Planck 2015
• Testing Parity-Violating Mechanisms with Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments
• The Cosmic Microwave Background and Helical Magnetic Fields: the tensor mode
• Probing polarization states of primordial gravitational waves with CMB anisotropies
• Axion Inflation with an SU(2) Gauge Field: Detectable Chiral Gravity Waves
• Optimal strategies for continuous gravitational wave detection in pulsar timing arrays
• Measuring a Parity Violation Signature in the Early Universe via Ground-based Laser Interferometers
• Anomalous CMB polarization and gravitational chirality
• Detecting a stochastic gravitational wave background with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• Measurement of Parity Violation in the Early Universe using Gravitational-wave Detectors
• Polarization analysis of gravitational-wave backgrounds from the correlation signals of ground-based interferometers: measuring a circular-polarization mode
• Prospects for direct detection of circular polarization of gravitational-wave background
• Chiral Primordial Gravitational Waves from Dilaton Induced Delayed Chromo-natural Inflation
• Gauge-flation confronted with Planck
• Quest for circular polarization of gravitational wave background and orbits of laser interferometers in space
• Probing circular polarization in stochastic gravitational wave background with pulsar timing arrays
• Polarized Cosmological Gravitational Waves from Primordial Helical Turbulence
• String theoretic axion coupling and the evolution of cosmic structures
• Gravitational origin of the weak interaction's chirality
• Testing chirality of primordial gravitational waves with Planck and future CMB data: no hope from angular power spectra
• Chromo-Natural Inflation in the Axiverse
• The response of interferometric gravitational wave detectors
• Chiral vacuum fluctuations in quantum gravity
• Inflationary tensor fluctuations, as viewed by Ashtekar variables and their imaginary friends
• Chiral gravitational waves from z=2 Hořava-Lifshitz gravity
• Optimal Networks of Future Gravitational-Wave Telescopes
• Alternative derivation of the response of interferometric gravitational wave detectors
• Modifications in the Spectrum of Primordial Gravitational Waves Induced by Instantonic Fluctuations

Cited by in corpus (80)

• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• Prospects for Fundamental Physics with LISA
• Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• New Horizons for Fundamental Physics with LISA
• Testing Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter through LISA
• Recent Advances on Inflation
• Gravitational waves from gauge preheating
• Finding the chiral gravitational wave background of an axion-SU(2) inflationary model using CMB observations and laser interferometers
• Axion Gauge Field Inflation and Gravitational Leptogenesis: A Lower Bound on B Modes from the Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry of the Universe
• A Refined Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Inflationary Theoretical Framework
• Measuring the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves with CMB, PTA and Laser Interferometers
• Gravitational wave probes of axion-like particles
• Probing non-Gaussian Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with LISA
• Spectrum of Primordial Gravitational Waves in Modified Gravities: A Short Overview
• Measuring the net circular polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background with interferometers
• Chiral effects in astrophysics and cosmology
• Propagation of the gravitational waves in a cosmological background
• Pulsar-timing arrays, astrometry, and gravitational waves
• Measuring Parity Violation in the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with the LISA-Taiji network
• Probing Gravitational Parity Violation with Gravitational Waves from Stellar-mass Black Hole Binaries
• Maximum Baryon Masses for Static Neutron Stars in $f(R)$ Gravity
• Primordial Non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and Anisotropies in Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Gravitational Waves Predictions for GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theory
• Primordial Gravitational Waves from Galaxy Intrinsic Alignments
• Stochastic gravitational wave background reconstruction for a non-equilateral and unequal-noise LISA constellation
• Tensor non-Gaussianity in chiral scalar-tensor theories of gravity
• Frequency response of space-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors
• Axion-Gauge Dynamics During Inflation as the Origin of Pulsar Timing Array Signals and Primordial Black Holes
• Fisher formalism for anisotropic gravitational-wave background searches with pulsar timing arrays
• Pre-Inflationary Bounce Effects on Primordial Gravitational Waves of $f(R)$ Gravity
• Circular Polarization of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Helical Turbulence
• Testing the Early Universe with Anisotropies of the Gravitational Wave Background
• Chirality of Gravitational Waves in Chern-Simons $f(R)$ Gravity Cosmology
• Enhancing gravitational wave anisotropies with peaked scalar sources
• Complete analysis of the background and anisotropies of scalar-induced gravitational waves: primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ considered
• Kinetic Axion $F(R)$ Gravity Inflation
• Effects of the Axion Through the Higgs Portal on Primordial Gravitational Waves During the Electroweak Breaking
• Intensity and anisotropies of the stochastic Gravitational Wave background from merging compact binaries in galaxies
• Anisotropic tensor power spectrum at interferometer scales induced by tensor squeezed non-Gaussianity
• Measuring Parity Asymmetry of Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with a Heliocentric Detector Network in the mHz Band
• Inflationary Dynamics and Swampland Criteria for Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity Compatible with GW170817
• Bottom-Up Reconstruction of Viable GW170817 Compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theories
• Generating enhanced parity-violating gravitational waves during inflation with violation of the null energy condition
• $R^2$ Inflation Revisited and Dark Energy Corrections
• Amplification of the Primordial Gravitational Waves Energy Spectrum by a Kinetic Scalar in $F(R)$ Gravity
• Analytic study of dark photon and gravitational wave production from axion
• Chiral photons from chiral gravitational waves
• Running of the Spectral Index and Inflationary Dynamics of $F(R)$ Gravity
• Amplification of Primordial Gravitational Waves by a Geometrically Driven non-canonical Reheating Era
• Detecting circular polarisation in the stochastic gravitational-wave background from a first-order cosmological phase transition
• $f(R)$-Gravity Generated Post-inflationary Eras and their Effect on Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Parity-violation in bouncing cosmology
• Renormalization in gravitational leptogenesis with pseudo-scalar-tensor coupling
• Effects of a Pre-inflationary de Sitter Bounce on the Primordial Gravitational Waves in $f(R)$ Gravity Theories
• Primordial Gravitational Waves Assisted by Cosmological Scalar Perturbations
• Generalized $R^p$-attractor Cosmology in the Jordan and Einstein Frames: New Type of Attractors and Revisiting Standard Jordan Frame $R^p$ Inflation
• Chiral gravitational waves and primordial black holes in UV-protected Natural Inflation
• ${\mathcal{R}}^2$ Quantum Corrected Scalar Field Inflation
• Probing parity-odd bispectra with anisotropies of GW $V$ modes
• Angular bispectrum and trispectrum of scalar-induced gravitational waves: all contributions from primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$
• Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review
• The Different Regimes of Axion Gauge Field Inflation
• Parameter Estimation for Tests of General Relativity with the Astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Chiral primordial gravitational waves in extended theories of Scalar-Tensor gravity
• The effect of quantum decoherence on inflationary gravitational waves
• Effective Field Theory of Chiral Gravitational Waves
• Detectability of the chiral gravitational wave background from audible axions with the LISA-Taiji network
• Breaking parity: the case of the trispectrum from chiral scalar-tensor theories of gravity
• Parity-violating primordial gravitational waves from null energy condition violation
• Probing Lorentz violation effects via a laser beam interacting with a high-energy charged lepton beam
• Magnetism in the Early Universe
• First astrometric constraints on parity-violation in the gravitational wave background
• Study of primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ with the cross-correlations between the scalar-induced gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background
• Primordial Cosmology of an Emergent-like Universe from Modified Gravity: Reconstruction and Phenomenology Optimization with a Genetic Algorithm
• Antipodal Angular Correlations of Inflationary Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Comprehensive analysis of dissipative effects in the induced gravitational waves
• Chiral gravitational waves from multi-phase magnetogenesis
• Reconstructing ACT-compatible and GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Inflation from the Observational Indices
• Correlation analysis for isotropic stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds with maximally allowed polarization degrees
• Gravitational Waves from Gauge Quanta Produced during Inflation