Parity-violating primordial gravitational waves from null energy condition violation

Abstract

We investigate the parity-violating effects in primordial gravitational waves (GWs) due to null energy condition (NEC) violation in two very early universe scenarios: bounce-inflation and intermediate NEC violation during inflation. In both scenarios, we numerically solve the power spectra of parity-violating primordial GWs generated by coupling the background field and the spectator field with the Nieh-Yan term, respectively. We find that the background field can significantly enhance parity-violating effects at scales corresponding to the maximum of the GW power spectra. In contrast, the parity-violating effects produced by the spectator show significantly weaker observability even if the coupling constant is large. Therefore, in NEC-violating scenarios, the significant observable parity-violating effects in primordial GWs primarily arise from the physics directly related to NEC violation. This result highlights the potential of primordial GWs as crucial tools for exploring NEC-violating and parity-violating physics.

arXiv comment32 pages, match published version, reference added

References in corpus (71)

• The Ekpyrotic Universe: Colliding Branes and the Origin of the Hot Big Bang
• Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Searching for the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave background with the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array Data Release I
• Chern-Simons Modification of General Relativity
• Chern-Simons Modified General Relativity
• Cosmological Signature of New Parity-Violating Interactions
• Inflationary spacetimes are not past-complete
• Eternal inflation and the initial singularity
• New Extraction of the Cosmic Birefringence from the Planck 2018 Polarization Data
• Circular Polarization of Primordial Gravitational Waves in String-inspired Inflationary Cosmology
• Suppressing CMB Quadrupole with a Bounce from Contracting Phase to Inflation
• Birefringent Gravitational Waves and the Consistency Check of Inflation
• The Effective Field Theory of nonsingular cosmology
• Cosmic Birefringence from Planck Data Release 4
• Sensitivity to a Frequency-Dependent Circular Polarization in an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Obtaining the CMB anomalies with a bounce from the contracting phase to inflation
• Improved Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence from the WMAP and Planck Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Data
• Parity breaking signatures from a Chern-Simons coupling during inflation: the case of non-Gaussian gravitational waves
• A covariant Lagrangian for stable nonsingular bounce
• Possible Explanation to Low CMB Quadrupole
• The Effective Field Theory of nonsingular cosmology: II
• Parity-violating gravity and GW170817
• G-Bounce Inflation: Towards Nonsingular Inflation Cosmology with Galileon Field
• Measuring chiral gravitational waves in Chern-Simons gravity with CMB bispectra
• Measuring the net circular polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background with interferometers
• Can Universe Experience Many Cycles with Different Vacua ?
• A simple parity violating gravity model without ghost instability
• Probing circular polarization in stochastic gravitational wave background with pulsar timing arrays
• Inflation in Metric-Affine Quadratic Gravity
• Gauss-Bonnet Chern-Simons gravitational wave leptogenesis
• Probing Gravitational Parity Violation with Gravitational Waves from Stellar-mass Black Hole Binaries
• Galilean Creation of the Inflationary Universe
• Propagation of Gravitational Waves in Chern-Simons Axion Einstein Gravity
• Inflation from Minkowski Space
• Primordial black holes from null energy condition violation during inflation
• Constraints on the Nieh-Yan modified teleparallel gravity with gravitational waves
• Intermittent null energy condition violations during inflation and primordial gravitational waves
• Propagating speed of primordial gravitational waves and inflation
• Is there an effect of a nontrivial $c_T$ during inflation?
• Single field inflation in the light of Pulsar Timing Array Data: Quintessential interpretation of blue tilted tensor spectrum through Non-Bunch Davies initial condition
• Broken blue-tilted inflationary gravitational waves: a joint analysis of NANOGrav 15-year and BICEP/Keck 2018 data
• Exploring the string axiverse and parity violation in gravity with gravitational waves
• Chirality of the gravitational-wave background and pulsar-timing arrays
• Chirality of Gravitational Waves in Chern-Simons $f(R)$ Gravity Cosmology
• New potentials for string axion inflation
• Realisation of the ultra-slow roll phase in Galileon inflation and PBH overproduction
• Pulsar timing array observations as possible hints for nonsingular cosmology
• Testing parity symmetry of gravity with gravitational waves
• Pre-inflationary primordial perturbations
• Pre-inflation and Trans-Planckian Censorship
• Primordial perturbations with pre-inflationary bounce
• Electroweak vacuum decay in metric-affine gravity
• Null energy condition violation during inflation and pulsar timing array observations
• Generating enhanced parity-violating gravitational waves during inflation with violation of the null energy condition
• Chirality oscillation of primordial gravitational waves during inflation
• Ghost instability in the teleparallel gravity model with parity violations
• Generating enhanced primordial GWs during inflation with intermittent violation of NEC and diminishment of GW propagating speed
• Pre-inflationary genesis with CMB B-mode polarization
• Can primordial parity violation explain the observed cosmic birefringence?
• Upper limits on the Polarized Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO-Virgo's First Three Observing Runs
• Parity violation in pre-inflationary bounce
• Parity-violation in bouncing cosmology
• Resonance instability of primordial gravitational waves during inflation in Chern-Simons gravity
• Generation of gravitational waves in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity
• Scalar induced gravitational waves in metric teleparallel gravity with the Nieh-Yan term
• Irregular universe in the Nieh-Yan modified teleparallel gravity
• Resonant gravitational waves in dynamical Chern-Simons-axion gravity
• Towards the bounce inflationary gravitational wave
• Constraints on Inflation with Null Energy Condition Violation from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's First Three Observing Runs
• Parity violation in primordial tensor non-Gaussianities from matter bounce cosmology
• Circularly polarized gravitational waves in Chern-Simons gravity originated from an axion domain wall

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Null energy condition violation and beyond Horndeski physics in light of DESI DR2 data
• Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Holes formed by Null Energy Condition Violation during Inflation
• Testing the cosmological principle on gigaparsec scales
• Bridging inflation and reheating: chiral gravitational waves from aHz to GHz