A unified accreting magnetar model for long-duration gamma-ray bursts and some stripped-envelope supernovae

Abstract

Both the long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) and the Type I superluminous supernovae (SLSNe~I) have been proposed to be primarily powered by central magnetars. A correlation, proposed between the initial spin period ($P_0$) and the surface magnetic field ($B$) of the magnetars powering the X-ray plateaus in LGRB afterglows, indicates a possibility that the magnetars have reached an equilibrium spin period due to the fallback accretion. The corresponding accretion rates are inferred as $\dot{M}\approx 10^{-4}-10^{-1}$ M${}_{\odot }$ s${}^{-1}$, and this result holds for the cases of both isotropic and collimated magnetar wind. For the SLSNe~I and a fraction of engine-powered normal type Ic supernovae (SNe~Ic) and broad-lined subclass (SNe~Ic-BL), the magnetars could also reach an accretion-induced spin equilibrium, but the corresponding $B-P_0$ distribution suggests a different accretion rate range, i.e., $\dot{M}\approx 10^{-7}-10^{-3}$ M${}_{\odot }$ s${}^{-1}$. Considering the effect of fallback accretion, magnetars with relatively weak fields are responsible for the SLSNe~I, while those with stronger magnetic fields could lead to SNe~Ic/Ic-BL. Some SLSNe~I in our sample could arise from compact progenitor stars, while others that require longer-term accretion may originate from the progenitor stars with more extended envelopes or circumstellar medium.

8 pages, 1 table, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL

References in corpus (12)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
• Constraining the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars From Multi-Messenger Observations of GW170817
• X-Ray Flares from Postmerger Millisecond Pulsars
• The magnetar model for Type I superluminous supernovae I: Bayesian analysis of the full multicolour light curve sample with MOSFiT
• An upper limit to the energy of gamma-ray bursts indicates that GRB/SNe are powered by magnetars
• Fallback Accretion onto a Newborn Magnetar: short GRBs with Extended Emission
• A Monte Carlo Approach to Magnetar-powered Transients: I. Hydrogen-deficient Superluminous Supernovae
• PTF11mnb: the first analog of supernova 2005bf
• Evidence for magnetar formation in broad-lined type Ic supernovae 1998bw and 2002ap
• SN 2018hti: a nearby superluminous supernova discovered in a metal-poor galaxy
• Modeling The Most Luminous Supernova Associated with a Gamma-Ray Burst, SN 2011kl

Cited by in corpus (14)

• The spins of compact objects born from helium stars in binary systems
• The Peculiar Transient AT2018cow: A Possible Origin of A Type Ibn/IIn Supernova
• A new scenario for magnetar formation: Tayler-Spruit dynamo in a proto-neutron star spun up by fallback
• SN 2017gci: a nearby Type I Superluminous Supernova with a bumpy tail
• Supernova luminosity powered by magnetar-disk system
• Magnetar-Driven Shock Breakout Revisited and Implications for Double-Peaked Type I Superluminous Supernovae
• Combined X-ray and optical analysis to probe the origin of the plateau emission in $\gamma$-ray bursts afterglows
• Constraining the ellipticity of new-born magnetar with the observational data of Long gamma-ray bursts
• Close, bright and boxy: the superluminous SN 2018hti
• On the Anti-Correlation between Duration and Redshift in Gamma-ray Bursts
• Unveiling the nature of the unidentified gamma-ray sources 4FGL J1908.6+0915e, HESS J1907+089/HOTS J1907+091, and 3HWC J1907+085 in the sky region of the magnetar SGR 1900+14
• The metallicity dependence of long-duration gamma-ray bursts
• Exploring the magnetic field of the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar NGC 4631 X-8
• Tale of GRB 171010A/SN 2017htp and GRB 171205A/SN 2017iuk: Magnetar origin?