Nonequilibrium electrical, thermal and spin transport in open quantum systems of topological superconductors, semiconductors and metals

Abstract

We study nonequilibrium transport in various open quantum systems whose systems and leads/baths are made of topological superconductors (TSs), semiconductors, and metals. Using quantum Langevin equations and Green's function method, we derive exact expressions for steady-state electrical, thermal, and spin current at the junctions between a system and leads. We validate these current expressions by comparing them with the results from direct time-evolution simulations. We then show how an electrical current injected in TS wires divides into two parts carried by single electronic excitations and Cooper pairs. We further show ballistic thermal transport in an open TS wire in the topological phase under temperature or voltage bias. The thermal current values grow significantly near the topological phase transition, where thermal conductance displays a sharp quantized peak as predicted earlier. We relate the quantized thermal conductance to the zero-frequency thermoelectric transmission coefficient of the open TS wire. We also observe a large thermoelectric current near the topological transition of the TS wires. We introduce a differential spin conductance which displays a quantized zero-bias peak at zero temperature for a spinful TS wire in the topological phase. The role of superconducting baths in transport is demonstrated by thoroughly examining the features of zero-temperature differential electrical conductance and thermal conductance in open systems with TS baths. Our new thermoelectric and spin transport findings in various two-terminal geometries are beneficial to the present challenges in probing the emergence of Majorana quasi-particles in experiments.

arXiv comment64 pages, 14 figures

References in corpus (65)

• Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires
• Signatures of Majorana fermions in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices
• Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
• Helical liquids and Majorana bound states in quantum wires
• New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems
• Evidence of Majorana fermions in an Al - InAs nanowire topological superconductor
• Observation of Majorana Fermions in Ferromagnetic Atomic Chains on a Superconductor
• Observation of the fractional ac Josephson effect: the signature of Majorana particles
• Majorana bound states in a coupled quantum-dot hybrid-nanowire system
• Realizing Majorana zero modes in superconductor-semiconductor heterostructures
• Majorana Fermion Induced Resonant Andreev Reflection
• Majorana quantization and half-integer thermal quantum Hall effect in a Kitaev spin liquid
• Driven quantum transport on the nanoscale
• Hamiltonian approach to the transport properties of superconducting quantum point contacts
• Tunneling characteristic of a chain of Majorana bound states
• Zero-bias peaks in spin-orbit coupled superconducting wires with and without Majorana end-states
• Majorana Fermions in Semiconductor Nanowires: Fundamentals, Modeling, and Experiment
• Splitting of a Cooper pair by a pair of Majorana bound states
• Observation of half-integer thermal Hall conductance
• Near-zero-energy end states in topologically trivial spin-orbit coupled superconducting nanowires with a smooth confinement
• Thermal conductance through molecular wires
• A Majorana smoking gun for the superconductor-semiconductor hybrid topological system
• Observing Majorana Bound States in p-wave Superconductors Using Noise Measurements in Tunneling Experiments
• Quantized conductance at the Majorana phase transition in a disordered superconducting wire
• Random-matrix theory of Majorana fermions and topological superconductors
• Spin and Majorana polarization in topological superconducting wires
• Observed Quantization of Anyonic Heat Flow
• Transport signatures of Floquet Majorana fermions in driven topological superconductors
• Topological spin-current in non-centrosymmetric superconductors
• Scattering formula for the topological quantum number of a disordered multi-mode wire
• Heat transport in harmonic lattices
• Non-Majorana states yield nearly quantized conductance in superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices
• Selective Equal-Spin Andreev Reflections Induced by Majorana Fermions
• Non-Majorana Origin of the Half-Quantized Conductance Plateau in Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator and Superconductor Hybrid Structures
• Boundary Green functions of topological insulators and superconductors
• Nontopological zero-bias peaks in full-shell nanowires induced by flux tunable Andreev states
• Cross-Correlated Responses of Topological Superconductors and Superfluids
• Non-equilibrium Green's function formalism and the problem of bound states
• Evidence for long-lived quasiparticles trapped in superconducting point contacts
• Low-energy theory of transport in Majorana wire junctions
• Topologically trivial zero bias conductance peak in semiconductor Majorana wires from boundary effects
• Correlated spin currents generated by resonant crossed Andreev reflections in topological superconductors
• Spin-polarized Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in an iron based superconductor
• Quantum transport using the Ford-Kac-Mazur formalism
• Electron transport in a one dimensional conductor with inelastic scattering by self-consistent reservoirs
• Robust Majorana conductance peaks for a superconducting lead
• Supercurrent blockade in Josephson junctions with a Majorana wire
• Majorana fermions in an out-of-equilibrium topological superconducting wire: an exact microscopic transport analysis of a p-wave open chain coupled to normal leads
• Universal Majorana thermoelectric noise
• Spin-transport in superconductors
• Spin transport in ferromagnet-InSb nanowire quantum devices
• Quench dynamics in superconducting nanojunctions: metastability and dynamical Yang-Lee zeros
• Tunneling transport in NSN junctions made of Majorana nanowires across the topological quantum phase transition
• Andreev bound states formation and quasiparticle trapping in quench dynamics revealed by time-dependent counting statistics
• Dynamic Majorana resonances and universal symmetry of nonequilibrium thermoelectric quantum noise
• Critical features of nonlinear optical isolators for improved nonreciprocity
• Dynamics of hybrid junctions of Majorana wires
• Josephson current between topological and conventional superconductors
• Time-dependent Andreev bound states of a quantum dot coupled to two superconducting leads
• Tunneling conductance for Majorana fermions in spin-orbit coupled semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures using superconducting leads
• Dual Majorana universality in thermally induced nonequilibrium
• Transport in spinless superconducting wires
• Compressibility as a probe of quantum phase transitions in topological superconductors
• Light propagation through one-dimensional interacting open quantum systems
• Tomography of zero-energy end modes in topological superconducting wires

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Majorana entropy revival via tunneling phases
• Majorana differential shot noise and its universal thermoelectric crossover
• Transport in spinless superconducting wires
• Nonequilibrium finite frequency resonances in differential quantum noise driven by Majorana interference
• Heat transport through an open coupled scalar field theory hosting stability-to-instability transition
• Thermoelectric fluctuations of interfering Majorana bound states
• Electrical, thermal and thermoelectric transport in open long-range Kitaev chain
• Transport in extended Kitaev chain with time reversal symmetry breaking and long-range interaction
• Fluctuation response of a minimal Kitaev chain in nonequilibrium states
• Nonreciprocal electrical transport in linear systems with balanced gain and loss in the bulk
• Revealing universal Majorana fractionalization using differential shot noise and conductance in nonequilibrium states controlled by tunneling phases