Cosmic Ray Spectrum from 250 TeV to 10 PeV using IceTop

Abstract

We report here an extension of the measurement of the all-particle cosmic-ray spectrum with IceTop to lower energy. The new measurement gives full coverage of the knee region of the spectrum and reduces the gap in energy between previous IceTop and direct measurements. With a new trigger that selects events in closely spaced detectors in the center of the array, the IceTop energy threshold is lowered by almost an order of magnitude below its previous threshold of 2 PeV. In this paper, we explain how the new trigger is implemented, and we describe the new machine-learning method developed to deal with events with very few detectors hit. We compare the results with previous measurements by IceTop and others that overlap at higher energy and with HAWC and Tibet in the 100 TeV range.

arXiv comment21 pages, 17 captioned figures, 8 tables

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays: The Intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers
• Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A
• Density of GeV muons in air showers measured with IceTop
• A cosmic-ray database update: CRDB v4.1
• Optimizing Observables with Machine Learning for Better Unfolding
• Learning Uncertainties the Frequentist Way: Calibration and Correlation in High Energy Physics
• Bias and Priors in Machine Learning Calibrations for High Energy Physics
• Search for joint multimessenger signals from potential galactic cosmic-ray accelerators with HAWC and IceCube
• Light, Unstable Sterile Neutrinos: Phenomenology, a Search in the IceCube Experiment, and a Global Picture
• Towards Searching for Photons with Energies beyond the PeV Range from Galactic PeVatrons
• Energy spectrum and mass composition of the primary cosmic rays based on the intensity of muon bundles detected in the NEVOD-DECOR experiment
• Analyzing Cosmic Ray Spectral Features: A Numerical Investigation
• Recent results of cosmic-ray studies with IceTop at the IceCube Neutrino
• Constraining the position of the knee in the galactic cosmic ray spectrum with ultra-high-energy diffuse $\gamma$-rays