Floquet dynamics in light-driven solids

Abstract

We demonstrate how the properties of light-induced electronic Floquet states in solids impact natural physical observables, such as transport properties, by capturing the environmental influence on the electrons. We include the environment as dissipative processes, such as inter-band decay and dephasing, often ignored in Floquet predictions. These dissipative processes determine the Floquet band occupations of the emergent steady state, by balancing out the optical driving force. In order to benchmark and illustrate our framework for Floquet physics in a realistic solid, we consider the light-induced Hall conductivity in graphene recently reported by J.~W.~McIver, et al., Nature Physics (2020). We show that the Hall conductivity is estimated by the Berry flux of the occupied states of the light-induced Floquet bands, in addition to the kinetic contribution given by the average band velocity. Hence, Floquet theory provides an interpretation of this Hall conductivity as a geometric-dissipative effect. We demonstrate this mechanism within a master equation formalism, and obtain good quantitative agreement with the experimentally measured Hall conductivity, underscoring the validity of this approach which establishes a broadly applicable framework for the understanding of ultrafast non-equilibrium dynamics in solids.

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• Predicted novel type of photoinduced topological phase transition accompanied by collision and collapse of Dirac-cone pair in organic salt $\alpha$-(BEDT-TTF)${}_2$I${}_3$
• Dynamics of photo-induced ferromagnetism in oxides with orbital degeneracy
• Wave manipulation via delay-engineered periodic potentials
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• A New Era of Quantum Materials Mastery and Quantum Simulators In and Out of Equilibrium
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• Non-Hermitian chiral anomalies in interacting systems
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• Robustness of the Floquet-assisted superradiant phase and possible laser operation
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• Elementary excitations in the hybrid Bose-Fermi system induced by circularly polarized light in a two-dimensional gas of charge carriers with different masses
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• Optically induced delocalization of electrons bound by attractive potentials
• Floquet-Engineered Valley-Topotronics in Kekulé-Y Bond Textured Graphene Superlattice