Transiently enhanced interlayer tunneling in optically driven high $T_c$ superconductors

Abstract

Recent pump-probe experiments reported an enhancement of superconducting transport along the $c$-axis of underdoped YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+\delta }$ (YBCO), induced by a mid-infrared optical pump pulse tuned to a specific lattice vibration. To understand this transient non-equilibrium state, we develop a pump-probe formalism for a stack of Josephson junctions, and we consider the tunneling strengths in presence of modulation with an ultrashort optical pulse. We demonstrate that a transient enhancement of the Josephson coupling can be obtained for pulsed excitation and that this can be even larger than in a continuously driven steady-state. Especially interesting is the conclusion that the effect is largest when the material is parametrically driven at a frequency immediately above the plasma frequency, in agreement with what is found experimentally. For bilayer Josephson junctions, an enhancement similar to that experimentally is predicted below the critical temperature $T_c$. This model reproduces the essential features of the enhancement measured below $T_c$. To reproduce the experimental results above $T_c$, we will explore extensions of this model, such as in-plane and amplitude fluctuations, elsewhere.

7 pages, 8 figures

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• An ideal Josephson junction in an ultracold two-dimensional Fermi gas
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• Parametric resonance of Josephson plasma waves: A theory for optically amplified interlayer superconductivity in YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+x}$
• Near-infrared light-induced superconducting-like state in underdoped YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$ studied by $c$-axis terahertz third-harmonic generation
• Periodic dynamics in superconductors induced by an impulsive optical quench
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• Higgs time crystal in a high-$T_c$ superconductor
• Fluctuating Nature of Light-Enhanced $d$-Wave Superconductivity: A Time-Dependent Variational Non-Gaussian Exact Diagonalization Study
• Generalized Josephson plasmons in bilayer superconductors
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• Josephson lattice model for phase fluctuations of local pairs in copper-oxide superconductors
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• Parametric control of Meissner screening in light-driven superconductors