Nematicity and superconductivity: Competition versus cooperation

Abstract

Electronic nematic behavior has been identified and studied in iron-based superconductors for some time, particularly in the well-known BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ system, where it is well-known to compete with superconductivity. On the other hand, it has been shown recently that FeSe displays a negligible effect of nematicity on superconductivity near the superconducting transition, and actual cooperation between the two orders when the system is doped with S. Recently it has also been proposed that LiFeAs undergoes a nematic transition in the superconducting state itself. Generally, we expect superconductivity to be anisotropic when it coexists with nematic order, but it is not clear under what circumstances the two orders compete or cooperate, nor how the anisotropy of the superconducting state correlates with that in the nematic state. To address this, we study a simple mean field model of a $d$-wave Pomeranchuk instability together with a mixed $s,d$ pairing interaction, and identify when nematicity is enhanced or suppressed by superconductivity. We show that the competition or cooperation depends significantly on the distortion of the Fermi surface due to nematicity relative to the anisotropy of the superconducting gap function. Further, we discuss the implications of our results for FeSe and LiFeAs.

arXiv comment14 pages, 11 figures

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• Multidome superconductivity in charge density wave kagome metals
• The transport-structural correspondence across the nematic phase transition probed by elasto-x-ray diffraction
• Superconductivity Mediated by Nematic Fluctuations in Tetragonal $\text{Fe}{\text{Se}}_{1-x}{\text{S}}_x$
• Spontaneous orbital polarization in the nematic phase of FeSe
• Interplay between nematicity and Bardasis-Schrieffer modes in the short-time dynamics of unconventional superconductors
• Nematicity-enhanced superconductivity in systems with a non-Fermi liquid behavior
• Microscopic origin of ultranodal superconducting states in spin-1/2 systems
• Incommensurate magnetic states induced by ordering competition in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{1-\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_2\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{s}}_2$
• Nematic fluctuations mediated superconductivity revealed by anisotropic strain in Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$
• Quantitative relationship between structural orthorhombicity, shear modulus and heat capacity anomaly of the nematic transition in iron-based superconductors
• Superconductivity near an Ising nematic quantum critical point in two dimensions