Measurements of B-mode Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background from 500 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data

Abstract

We report a B-mode power spectrum measurement from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy observations made using the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses 500 deg${}^2$ of SPTpol data, a five-fold increase over the last SPTpol B-mode release. As a result, the bandpower uncertainties have been reduced by more than a factor of two, and the measurement extends to lower multipoles: $52<\ell <2301$. Data from both 95 and 150 GHz are used, allowing for three cross-spectra: 95 GHz x 95 GHz, 95 GHz x 150 GHz, and 150 GHz x 150 GHz. B-mode power is detected at very high significance; we find $P(BB<0)=5.8\times 10^{-71}$, corresponding to a $18.1\sigma$ detection of power. An upper limit is set on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r<0.44$ at 95% confidence (the expected $1\sigma$ constraint on $r$ given the measurement uncertainties is 0.22). We find the measured B-mode power is consistent with the Planck best-fit $\Lambda$CDM model predictions. Scaling the predicted lensing B-mode power in this model by a factor Alens, the data prefer Alens = $1.17\pm 0.13$. These data are currently the most precise measurements of B-mode power at $\ell >320$.

arXiv comment16 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to PRD

References in corpus (38)

• The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: a Monte-Carlo approach
• Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods
• Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation
• MASTER of the CMB Anisotropy Power Spectrum: A Fast Method for Statistical Analysis of Large and Complex CMB Data Sets
• The 10 Meter South Pole Telescope
• BICEP2 / Keck Array x: Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and New BICEP2/Keck Observations through the 2015 Season
• Detection of B-mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background with Data from the South Pole Telescope
• A limit on the detectability of the energy scale of inflation
• Neutrino Physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Two-Season ACTPol Spectra and Parameters
• Faraday Rotation of Microwave Background Polarization by a Primordial Magnetic Field
• Measurements of the Temperature and E-Mode Polarization of the CMB from 500 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CMB Polarization at $200<\ell <9000$
• Planck 2015 results. XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields
• Xspect, estimation of the angular power spectrum by computing cross-power spectra with analytical error bars
• Extragalactic millimeter-wave point source catalog, number counts and statistics from 771 square degrees of the SPT-SZ Survey
• A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background $B$-Mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Sub-Degree Scales from 2 years of POLARBEAR Data
• Measurements of Sub-degree B-mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• Measuring Dark Matter Power Spectrum from Cosmic Microwave Background
• BICEP2 / Keck Array V: Measurements of B-mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales and 150 GHz by the Keck Array
• POLARBEAR Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• The First Public Release of South Pole Telescope Data: Maps of a 95-square-degree Field from 2008 Observations
• A general solution to the E-B mixing problem
• The nature of the E-B decomposition of CMB polarization
• CMB Polarization B-mode Delensing with SPTpol and Herschel
• Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields from Planck combined with the South Pole Telescope CMB B-mode polarization measurements
• Measurements of E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• Constraints on neutrino mass from Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure
• Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver
• Fractional Polarisation of Extragalactic Sources in the 500-square-degree SPTpol Survey
• Current and Future Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter camera modules at 150 GHz for CMB polarization measurements with SPTpol
• Design and characterization of 90 GHz feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter pixels in the SPTpol camera
• South Pole Telescope Software Systems: Control, Monitoring, and Data Acquisition

Cited by in corpus (59)

• BICEP / Keck XIII: Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectra at 98 and 150 GHz
• CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Measurements of the E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation of the CMB from SPT-3G 2018 Data
• New physics from the polarised light of the cosmic microwave background
• Planck constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio
• Updated constraints on amplitude and tilt of the tensor primordial spectrum
• The large scale polarization explorer (LSPE) for CMB measurements: performance forecast
• The Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver
• QUBIC I: Overview and ScienceProgram
• Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands
• Cosmology Intertwined: A Review of the Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Associated with the Cosmological Tensions and Anomalies
• Performance forecasts for the primordial gravitational wave detection pipelines for AliCPT-1
• $B$-mode forecast of CMB-Bh$\overline{a}$rat
• Improved upper limit on degree-scale CMB B-mode polarization power from the 670 square-degree POLARBEAR survey
• High precision modeling of polarized signals: Moment expansion method generalized to spin-2 fields
• Improved constraint on primordial gravitational waves in light of the Hubble tension and BICEP/Keck
• Multi-Clustering Needlet-ILC for CMB B-modes component separation
• In-flight polarization angle calibration for LiteBIRD: blind challenge and cosmological implications
• Comparison of delensing methodologies and assessment of the delensing capabilities of future experiments
• Can primordial parity violation explain the observed cosmic birefringence?
• Inpainting Galactic Foreground Intensity and Polarization maps using Convolutional Neural Network
• Minkowski Functionals of CMB polarisation intensity with Pynkowski: theory and application to Planck and future data
• Instrumental systematics biases in CMB lensing reconstruction: a simulation-based assessment
• Determination of Polarization Angles in CMB Experiments and Application to CMB Component Separation Analyses
• QUBIC II: Spectro-Polarimetry with Bolometric Interferometry
• Impact of half-wave plate systematics on the measurement of cosmic birefringence from CMB polarization
• Analysis of NILC performance on B-modes data of sub-orbital experiments
• Efficient ILC analysis on polarization maps after EB leakage correction
• Fast computation of angular power spectra and covariances of high-resolution cosmic microwave background maps using the Toeplitz approximation
• Constraints on extended Bekenstein models from cosmological, astrophysical, and local data
• CMB imprints of high scale non-thermal leptogenesis
• Lensed CMB power spectrum biases from masking extragalactic sources
• Exact CMB B-mode power spectrum from anisotropic cosmic birefringence
• Foreground removal with ILC methods for AliCPT-1
• Impact of half-wave plate systematics on the measurement of CMB $B$-mode polarization
• Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS): 90 GHz Telescope Pointing, Beam Profile, Window Function, and Polarization Performance
• Forecast of foreground cleaning strategies for AliCPT-1
• Spectral Distortions from Axion Monodromy Inflation
• Cosmological consequences of a scalar field with oscillating equation of state. III. Unifying inflation with dark energy and small tensor-to-scalar ratio
• Deep Needlet: A CNN based full sky component separation method in Needlet space
• Consequences of constant elevation scans for instrumental systematics in Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments
• Improving Cosmic Birefringence Constraints via Delensing
• The Simons Observatory: Validation of reconstructed power spectra from simulated filtered maps for the Small Aperture Telescope survey
• Extended Delta-map: a map-based foreground removal method for CMB polarization observations
• The cross correlation of the ABS and ACT maps
• CMB polarization analysis on circular scans
• Post-inflationary production of particle Dark Matter: Hilltop and Coleman-Weinberg inflation
• Angular Momentum Inheritance from the Schwinger Effect in (Chromo)electromagnetic Fields
• Bayesian analysis for a class of $\alpha$-attractor inflationary models
• Scalar and vector modes in inflation with antisymmetric tensor field
• Forecasts of effects of beam systematics and deprojection on the third-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment
• Sidelobe Modeling and Mitigation for a Three Mirror Anastigmat Cosmic Microwave Background Telescope
• Development of the characterization methods without electrothermal feedback for TES bolometers for CMB measurements
• Revisiting the Chern-Simons interaction during inflation with a non-canonical pseudo-scalar
• CMB lensing from early-formed dark matter halos
• Constraints on Anisotropic Cosmic Birefringence from CMB B-mode Polarization
• Bias on Tensor-to-Scalar Ratio Inference With Estimated Covariance Matrices
• Optimal map-making with singularities