Millimeter-Wave Four-Wave Mixing via Kinetic Inductance for Quantum Devices

Abstract

Millimeter-wave superconducting devices offer a platform for quantum experiments at temperatures above 1 K, and new avenues for studying light-matter interactions in the strong coupling regime. Using the intrinsic nonlinearity associated with kinetic inductance of thin film materials, we realize four-wave mixing at millimeter-wave frequencies, demonstrating a key component for superconducting quantum systems. We report on the performance of niobium nitride resonators around 100 GHz, patterned on thin (20-50 nm) films grown by atomic layer deposition, with sheet inductances up to 212 pH/square and critical temperatures up to 13.9 K. For films thicker than 20 nm, we measure quality factors from $1$-$6\times 10^4$, likely limited by two-level systems. Finally we measure degenerate parametric conversion for a 95 GHz device with a forward efficiency up to +16 dB, paving the way for the development of nonlinear quantum devices at millimeter-wave frequencies.

arXiv comment13 pages, 9 figures including supplementary materials

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Cited by in corpus (22)

• Bosonic quantum error correction codes in superconducting quantum circuits
• A near-ideal degenerate parametric amplifier
• High-kinetic inductance NbN films for high-quality compact superconducting resonators
• A tunable High-Q millimeter wave cavity for hybrid circuit and cavity QED experiments
• Nonlinearity and Parametric Amplification of Superconducting Nanowire Resonators in Magnetic Field
• Initial Design of a W-band Superconducting Kinetic Inductance Qubit (Kineticon)
• Universal Control in Bosonic Systems with Weak Kerr Nonlinearities
• High-impedance resonators for strong coupling to an electron on helium
• Reversing Hydrogen-Related Loss in $\alpha$-Ta Thin Films for Quantum Device Fabrication
• Low-loss Millimeter-wave Resonators with an Improved Coupling Structure
• Selective Single and Double-Mode Quantum Limited Amplifier
• Temperature dependence of microwave losses in lumped-element resonators made from superconducting nanowires with high kinetic inductance
• Niobium Air Bridges as Low-Loss Components for Superconducting Quantum Hardware
• Design, fabrication and characterization of kinetic-inductive force sensors for scanning probe applications
• Intrinsic Kerr amplification for microwave electromechanics
• Wireless Josephson parametric amplifier above 20 GHz
• Millimetre Wave Kinetic Inductance Parametric Amplification using Ridge Gap Waveguide
• Atomic layer etching of niobium nitride using sequential exposures of O${}_2$ and H${}_2$/SF${}_6$ plasmas
• Nonlinear Co-simulation for Designing Kinetic Inductance Parametric Amplifiers
• Study of Magnetic Field Resilient High Impedance High-Kinetic Inductance Superconducting Resonators
• Free-space sub-terahertz field-polarization controlled by waveguide-mode-selection
• Parametric amplification via superconducting contacts in a Ka band niobium pillbox cavity