The CARMA-NRO Orion Survey: Core Emergence and Kinematics in the Orion A Cloud

Abstract

We have investigated the formation and kinematics of sub-mm continuum cores in the Orion A molecular cloud. A comparison between sub-mm continuum and near infrared extinction shows a continuum core detection threshold of $A_V\sim$ 5-10 mag. The threshold is similar to the star formation extinction threshold of $A_V\sim$ 7 mag proposed by recent work, suggesting a universal star formation extinction threshold among clouds within 500 pc to the Sun. A comparison between the Orion A cloud and a massive infrared dark cloud G28.37+0.07 indicates that Orion A produces more dense gas within the extinction range 15 mag $\lesssim A_V\lesssim$ 60 mag. Using data from the CARMA-NRO Orion Survey, we find that dense cores in the integral-shaped filament (ISF) show sub-sonic core-to-envelope velocity dispersion that is significantly less than the local envelope line dispersion, similar to what has been found in nearby clouds. Dynamical analysis indicates that the cores are bound to the ISF. An oscillatory core-to-envelope motion is detected along the ISF. Its origin is to be further explored.

arXiv comment21 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ, comments welcome [email protected]

References in corpus (54)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Star Formation in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• A General Theory of Turbulence-Regulated Star Formation, From Spirals to ULIRGs
• On the Star Formation Rates in Molecular Clouds
• Competitive accretion in embedded stellar cluster
• The Star Formation Rate and Gas Surface Density Relation in the Milky Way: Implications for Extragalactic Studies
• Large-Scale Structure of the Molecular Gas in Taurus Revealed by High Linear Dynamic Range Spectral Line Mapping
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Survey of the Orion A & B Molecular Clouds - Part I: A Census of Dusty Young Stellar Objects and a Study of their Mid-IR Variability
• Kinematics in Young Star Clusters and Associations with Gaia DR2
• Bolocam Survey for 1.1 mm Dust Continuum Emission in the c2d Legacy Clouds. I. Perseus
• Helical Fields and Filamentary Molecular Clouds
• The APOGEE-2 Survey of the Orion Star Forming Complex II: Six-dimensional structure
• SCUBA-2: iterative map-making with the Sub-Millimetre User Reduction Facility
• The Turbulent Shock Origin of Proto--Stellar Cores
• Bolocam Survey for 1.1 mm Dust Continuum Emission in the c2d Legacy Clouds. II. Ophiuchus
• The Large and Small Scale Structures of Dust in the Star-Forming Perseus Molecular Cloud
• Herschel-Planck dust optical-depth and column-density maps: I. Method description and results for Orion
• An Extinction Threshold for Protostellar Cores in Ophiuchus
• The Simultaneous Formation of Massive Stars and Stellar Clusters
• Fragmentation of Molecular Clumps and Formation of Protocluster
• A Herschel and APEX Census of the Reddest Sources in Orion: Searching for the Youngest Protostars
• The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Legacy Survey of Nearby Star-forming Regions in the Gould Belt
• Kinematics of the Orion Nebula Cluster: Velocity Substructure and Spectroscopic Binaries
• The Green Bank Ammonia Survey (GAS): First Results of NH3 mapping the Gould Belt
• Dynamics of Dense Cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
• The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The magnetic field strength in the Orion A filament
• Disruption of the Orion Molecular Core 1 by the stellar wind of the massive star ${\theta }^1$ Ori C
• 3D shape of Orion A from Gaia DR2
• Slingshot Mechanism in Orion: Kinematic Evidence For Ejection of Protostars by Filaments
• Gravitational collapse of the OMC-1 region
• IN-SYNC II: Virial Stars from Sub-Virial Cores -- The Velocity Dispersion of Embedded Pre-Main-Sequence Stars in NGC 1333
• Turbulence and star formation efficiency in molecular clouds: solenoidal versus compressive motions in Orion B
• The ALMA View of the OMC1 Explosion in Orion
• The CARMA-NRO Orion Survey
• The Green Bank Ammonia Survey: Dense Cores Under Pressure in Orion A
• A census of molecular hydrogen outflows and their sources along the Orion A molecular ridge: characteristics and overall distribution
• On column density thresholds and the star formation rate
• Helical Magnetic Fields in Molecular Clouds? A New Method to Determine the Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field Structure in Molecular Clouds
• The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A Quantitative Comparison Between SCUBA-2 Data Reduction Methods
• The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A First Look at Southern Orion A with SCUBA-2
• Overview of the Orion Complex
• The Dynamics of Dense Cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud II: The Relationship Between Dense Cores and the Cloud
• Widespread Molecular Outflows in the Infrared Dark Cloud G28.37+0.07: Indications of Orthogonal Outflow-Filament Alignment
• Slingshot Mechanism for Clusters: Gas Density Regulates Star Density in the Orion Nebula Cluster (M42)
• Gaia Stellar Kinematics in the Head of the Orion A Cloud: Runaway Stellar Groups and Gravitational Infall
• The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: Dense Core Clusters in Orion A
• APOGEE strings: a fossil record of the gas kinematic structure
• Zooming in to Massive Star Birth
• Expanding CO Shells in the Orion A Molecular Cloud
• VISION - Vienna Survey in Orion II. Infrared extinction in Orion A
• Gaia: Orion's Integral Shaped Filament is a Standing Wave
• Core Emergence in a Massive Infrared Dark Cloud: A Comparison Between Mid-IR Extinction and 1.3 mm Emission

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Gas phase Elemental abundances in Molecular cloudS (GEMS) VII. Sulfur elemental abundance
• 3D dynamics of the Orion cloud complex -- Discovery of coherent radial gas motions at the 100-pc scale
• Gas phase Elemental abundances in Molecular cloudS (GEMS). IV. Observational results and statistical trends
• Gas velocity structure of the Orion A Integral Shaped Filament
• Low Mass Stars as Tracers of Star and Cluster Formation
• The CARMA-NRO Orion Survey: Filament Formation via Collision-Induced Magnetic Reconnection -- The Stick in Orion A