Layer Dependence of Stacking Order in Nonencapsulated Few-layer CrI3

Abstract

Long-range magnetic orders in atomically thin ferromagnetic CrI3 give rise to new fascinating physics and application perspectives. The physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetism CrI3 are significantly influenced by interlayer spacing and stacking order, which are sensitive to the hydrostatic pressure and external environments. However, there remains debate on the stacking order at low temperature. Here, we study the interlayer coupling and stacking order of non-encapsulated 2-5 layer and bulk CrI3 at 10 K by Raman spectroscopy; demonstrate a rhombohedral stacking in both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic CrI3. The opposite helicity dependence of Ag and Eg modes arising from phonon symmetry further validate the rhombohedral stacking. An anomalous temperature-dependent behavior is observed due to spin-phonon coupling below 60 K. Our work provides insights into the interlayer coupling and stacking orders of 2D ferromagnetic materials.

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Magnetic order induced polarization anomaly of Raman scattering in 2D magnet CrI${}_3$
• Observation of nonreciprocal magneto-optical scattering in nonencapsulated few-layered CrI3
• Magnetoelectric Response of Antiferromagnetic Van der Waals Bilayers
• Emergent magnetic states due to stacking and strain in the van der Waals magnetic trilayer CrI3
• Interlayer magnetic interactions in $\pi /3$-twisted bilayer CrI${}_3$
• Growth of high-quality CrI3 single crystals and engineering of its magnetic properties via V and Mn doping
• Large cross-polarized Raman signal in CrI${}_3$: A first-principles study
• Observation of intrinsic crystal phase in bare CrI3 ferromagnetism