Gravity surveys using a mobile atom interferometer

Abstract

Mobile gravimetry is important in metrology, navigation, geodesy, and geophysics. Atomic gravimeters could be among the most accurate mobile gravimeters, but are currently constrained by being complex and fragile. Here, we demonstrate a mobile atomic gravimeter, measuring tidal gravity variations in the laboratory as well as surveying gravity in the field. The tidal gravity measurements achieve a sensitivity of 37 $\mu$Gal/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ and a long-term stability of better than 2 $\mu$Gal, revealing ocean tidal loading effects and recording several distant earthquakes. We survey gravity in the Berkeley Hills with an accuracy of around 0.04 mGal and determine the density of the subsurface rocks from the vertical gravity gradient. With simplicity and sensitivity, our instrument paves the way for bringing atomic gravimeters to field applications.

arXiv comment24 pages

References in corpus (18)

• Measurement of the fine-structure constant as a test of the Standard Model
• Precision Measurement of the Newtonian Gravitational Constant Using Cold Atoms
• Detecting inertial effects with airborne matter-wave interferometry
• Gravity measurements below $10^{-9}$ $g$ with a transportable absolute quantum gravimeter
• Mobile quantum gravity sensor with unprecedented stability
• Interleaved Atom Interferometry for High Sensitivity Inertial Measurements
• Testing sub-gravitational forces on atoms from a miniature, in-vacuum source mass
• Stability comparison of two absolute gravimeters: optical versus atomic interferometers
• Compact cold atom gravimeter for field applications
• A cold atom pyramidal gravimeter with a single laser beam
• A quantum sensor: simultaneous precision gravimetry and magnetic gradiometry with a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Multiaxis atom interferometry with a single diode laser and a pyramidal magneto-optical trap
• Off-resonant Raman transitions impact in an atom interferometer
• An Atom Interferometer inside a Hollow-core Photonic Crystal Fiber
• Metrology with Atom Interferometry: Inertial Sensors from Laboratory to Field Applications
• Observation of Extra Photon Recoil in a Distorted Optical Field
• Active Cancellation of Acoustical Resonances with an FPGA FIR Filter
• Embedded Control System for Mobile Atom Interferometers

Cited by in corpus (57)

• The Bose-Einstein Condensate and Cold Atom Laboratory
• Testing gravity with cold atom interferometry: Results and prospects
• Diamond magnetometry and gradiometry towards subpicotesla DC field measurement
• A Compact Cold-Atom Interferometer with a High Data-Rate Grating Magneto-Optical Trap and a Photonic-Integrated-Circuit-Compatible Laser System
• Precision Gravity Tests and the Einstein Equivalence Principle
• Entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology: from standard quantum limit to Heisenberg limit
• A compact differential gravimeter at the quantum projection noise limit
• Optimal Inverse Design of Magnetic Field Profiles in a Magnetically Shielded Cylinder
• Quantum-enhanced metrology with large Fock states
• Improving cold-atom sensors with quantum entanglement: Prospects and challenges
• Invited Review: Micro-fabricated components for cold atom sensors
• Field-deployable Quantum Memory for Quantum Networking
• Symmetric Bloch oscillations of matter waves
• A continuous, sub-Doppler-cooled atomic beam interferometer for inertial sensing
• Planar Coil Optimization in a Magnetically Shielded Cylinder
• Rotation sensing with improved stability using point source atom interferometry
• Ultrafast Kapitza-Dirac effect
• Atom interferometry with thousand-fold increase in dynamic range
• Optimal Floquet Engineering for Large Scale Atom Interferometers
• Large-momentum-transfer atom interferometers with $\mu$rad-accuracy using Bragg diffraction
• A high-flux, adjustable, compact cold-atom source
• Compact Plug and Play Optical Frequency Reference Device Based on Doppler-Free Spectroscopy of Rubidium Vapor
• Atom interferometry with coherent enhancement of Bragg pulse sequences
• Robust Atom Optics for Bragg Atom Interferometry
• Composite-fringe atom interferometry for high dynamic-range sensing
• Magnetic Field Design in a Cylindrical High-Permeability Shield: The Combination of Simple Building Blocks and a Genetic Algorithm
• Bespoke magnetic field design for a magnetically shielded cold atom interferometer
• Quantum hybrid optomechanical inertial sensing
• Atomic gravimeter robust to environmental effects
• Raman transitions driven by phase-modulated light in a cavity atom interferometer
• Enhancing strontium clock atom interferometry using quantum optimal control
• Suppression of Coriolis error in weak equivalence principle test using ^[85]Rb-^[87]Rb dual-species atom interferometer
• Atom interferometers in weakly curved spacetimes using Bragg diffraction and Bloch oscillations
• Robust inertial sensing with point-source atom interferometry for interferograms spanning a partial period
• Degenerate Raman sideband cooling of 40K atoms
• Atom interferometry using ${\sigma }^{+}$-${\sigma }^{-}$ Raman transitions between $F=1,m_F=\mp 1$ and $F=2,m_F=\pm 1$
• Finite Pulse-Time Effects in Long-Baseline Quantum Clock Interferometry
• Review and experimental benchmarking of machine learning algorithms for efficient optimization of cold atom experiments
• Integration of a high-fidelity model of quantum sensors with a map-matching filter for quantum-enhanced navigation
• SQUID-based interferometric accelerometer
• Sensing performance enhancement via asymmetric gain optimization in the atom-light hybrid interferometer
• Quantum Metrology via Floquet-Engineered Two-axis Twisting and Turn Dynamics
• Tunneling Gravimetry
• Bayesian optimization for state engineering of quantum gases
• Dual Open Atom Interferometry for Compact and Mobile Quantum Sensing
• Analyzing the sensitivity of an atom interferometer with a phase-modulation readout scheme
• Single-Beam Magneto-Optical Trap in Back-to-Back Pyramidal and Conical Mirrors
• Three robust temperature-drift compensation strategies for a MEMS gravimeter
• Local Measurement Scheme of Gravitational Curvature using Atom Interferometers
• Digital stabilization of an IQ modulator in the carrier suppressed single side-band (CS-SSB) mode for atom interferometry
• Usefulness of Quantum Entanglement for Enhancing Precision in Frequency Estimation
• Interferometry of Atomic Matter Waves in the Cold Atom Lab onboard the International Space Station
• General Relativistic Center-of-Mass Coordinates for Composite Quantum Particles
• Compact Continuous Cold Atomic Beam from a Single Cell with 3D Cooling and Ultra-low Light Shift
• Demonstration of static atomic gravimetry using Kalman filter
• Diffraction phase-free Bragg atom interferometry
• Optimal strategies for low-noise detection of atoms using resonant frequency modulation spectroscopy in cold atom interferometers