Composite-fringe atom interferometry for high dynamic-range sensing

Abstract

Atom interferometers offer excellent sensitivity to gravitational and inertial signals but have limited dynamic range. We introduce a scheme that improves on this trade-off by a factor of 50 using composite fringes, obtained from sets of measurements with slightly varying interrogation times. We analyze analytically the performance gain in this approach and the trade-offs it entails between sensitivity, dynamic range, and temporal bandwidth, and we experimentally validate the analysis over a wide range of parameters. By combining composite-fringe measurements with a particle-filter estimation protocol, we demonstrate continuous tracking of a rapidly varying signal over a span two orders of magnitude larger than the dynamic range of a traditional atom interferometer.

C.A. and D.Y. contributed equally. The text consists of 6+3 pages, 5 figures

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