Search for nearby Earth analogs I. 15 planet candidates found in PFS data

Abstract

The radial velocity method plays a major role in the discovery of nearby exoplanets. To efficiently find planet candidates from the data obtained in high precision radial velocity surveys, we apply a signal diagnostic framework to detect radial velocity signals that are statistically significant, consistent in time, robust to the choice of noise models, and not correlated with stellar activity. Based on the application of this approach to the survey data of the Planet Finder Spectrograph (PFS), we report fifteen planet candidates located in fourteen stellar systems. We find that the orbits of the planet candidates around HD 210193, 103949, 8326, and 71135 are consistent with temperate zones around these stars (where liquid water could exist on the surface). With periods of 7.76 and 15.14 days respectively, the planet candidates around star HIP 54373 form a 1:2 resonance system. These discoveries demonstate the feasibility of automated detection of exoplanets from large radial velocity surveys, which may provide a complete sample of nearby Earth analogs.

arXiv comment30 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS

References in corpus (26)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• The SIMBAD astronomical database
• A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri
• Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: Dependence on Planetary Mass
• Temperate Earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star
• Planets and Stellar Activity: Hide and Seek in the CoRoT-7 system
• A Gaussian process framework for modelling stellar activity signals in radial velocity data
• A dynamically-packed planetary system around GJ667C with three super-Earths in its habitable zone
• State of the Field: Extreme Precision Radial Velocities
• A seven-planet resonant chain in TRAPPIST-1
• Parametrizing the exoplanet eccentricity distribution with the Beta distribution
• The orbital eccentricity of small planet systems
• The Solar Neighborhood XXXVII: The Mass-Luminosity Relation for Main Sequence M Dwarfs
• Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines. I. Validation of the method and application to mitigate stellar activity
• APF - The Lick Observatory Automated Planet Finder
• The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XLI. A dozen planets around the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628, and GJ 3293
• Main-Sequence Effective Temperatures from a Revised Mass-Luminosity Relation Based on Accurate Properties
• A candidate super-Earth planet orbiting near the snow line of Barnard's star
• The Exoplanet Eccentricity Distribution from Kepler Planet Candidates
• Color difference makes a difference: four planet candidates around tau Ceti
• Radial Velocity Fitting Challenge. I. Simulating the data set including realistic stellar radial-velocity signals
• Agatha: disentangling periodic signals from correlated noise in a periodogram framework
• A Goldilocks principle for modeling radial velocity noise
• Up to four planets around the M dwarf GJ 163. Sensitivity of Bayesian planet detection criteria to prior choice
• Magellan/PFS Radial Velocities of GJ 9827, a late K dwarf at 30 pc with Three Transiting Super-Earths

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure
• Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: Occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
• 3-D selection of 167 sub-stellar companions to nearby stars
• A Tale of Planet Formation: From Dust to Planets
• Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. detection of five new planets, eight planet candidates, and confirmation of three planets around nine nearby M dwarfs
• The TIME Table: Rotation and Ages of Cool Exoplanet Host Stars
• A potential mass-gap black hole in a wide binary with a circular orbit
• New Coronae and Stellar Associations Revealed by a Clustering Analysis of the Solar Neighborhood
• Optimized modeling of Gaia-Hipparcos astrometry for the detection of the smallest cold Jupiter and confirmation of seven low mass companions
• Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. III. Detection of ten new planets, three planet candidates, and confirmation of three planets around eleven nearby M dwarfs
• Revised orbits of the two nearest Jupiters
• The Magellan/PFS Exoplanet Search: A 55-day period dense Neptune transiting the bright ($V=8.6$) star HD 95338
• A collage of small planets from the Lick Carnegie Exoplanet Survey : Exploring the super-Earth and sub-Neptune mass regime
• A super-Earth on a close-in orbit around the M1V star GJ 740. A HADES and CARMENES collaboration
• Revisiting the HD 21749 Planetary System with Stellar Activity Modeling
• Resilient habitability of nearby exoplanet systems
• Null transit detections of 68 radial velocity exoplanets observed by TESS
• Earth-like planet predictor: A machine learning approach
• New constraints on the minimum mass for thermonuclear lithium burning in brown dwarfs